Viola formosana

台灣堇菜

endemic

Viola formosana Hayata

名彙資訊

特徵描述

典藏標本

數位照片

分布位置

相關資訊

名彙資訊

學名發表文獻

Hayata, Enumeratio Plantarum Formosanarum 28. 1906. (Enum. Pl. Formos.)

台灣首次記錄發表文獻

同發表文獻

異名

Viola tozanensis Hayata

Hayata, Flora Montana Formosae 53. 1908. (Fl. Mont. Formos.)
Viola kawakamii Hayata

Hayata, Flora Montana Formosae 52. 1908. (Fl. Mont. Formos.)
Viola logistipulata Hayata

Hayata, Icones Plantarum Formosanarum 3: 29. fig. 14. 1913. (Icon. Pl. Formos.)
Viola hypoleuca Hayata

Hayata, Icones Plantarum Formosanarum 3: 26. fig. 11. 1913. (Icon. Pl. Formos.)
Viola kawakamii Hayata var. stenopetala Hayata

Hayata, Icones Plantarum Formosanarum 3: 27. fig. 13. 1913. (Icon. Pl. Formos.)
Viola arisanensis W. Becker

W. Becker, Repertorium specierum novarum regni vegetabilis 17: 314. 1921. (Rep. Sp. Nov. Regni Veg.)
Viola takasagoensis Koidz.

Koidz., Acta phytotaxonomica et geobotanica eng 7: 112. 1938. (Acta Phytotax. Geobot.)
Viola formosana Hayata var. tozanensis (Hayata) Hsieh

Hsieh, Flora of Taiwan 3: 776. pl. 813. 1977. (Fl. Taiwan)

各語言俗名

中

台灣紫菫. 紅鍋蓋草. 紅殼草. 塔山菫菜. 塔山茶匙癀. 台灣茶匙癀.
日

おばなんばんすみれ. とうざんすみれ. しますみれ. たいわんすみれ.
原

Tyabuzyazyai (Paiwan).

參考文獻

Yang, A list of plants in Taiwan . 1982. (List Pl. Taiwan)

特徵描述

生活型

herb

形態特徵

Viola formosana var. formosana, Perennial herb; rhizome erect, short, stout, usually with long stolons, the stolons rooting at ends and producing dense rosettes of leaves and flowers.
Leaves 1–3 cm long, 1–3 cm broad, broadly cordate to orbicular, deeply cordate at base, acute to rounded or obtuse at apex, crenate on margin, wingless, glabrous to slightly pubescent, sometimes pillose at the sinus between the crenae, glaucous or greenish-violet beneath, chartaceous; petioles 1–10 cm long, glabrous or slightly pilose; stipules 3–5 mm long, 0.5–1.2 mm broad, lanceolate, acuminate at apex, fimbriate at apex, fimbriate or laciniate on margin, almost free.
Flowers 14–22 mm across, violet to almost white with darker veins; peduncles 4–15 cm long, slender, usually much exceeding leaves, glabrous or sparsely pilose; sepals 3–5 mm long, 0.5–1.5 mm broad, lanceolate, obtusely acuminate at apex, entire, glabrous; appendage ca. 1 mm long, squarish, glabrous; petals ovately cuneate, the basal longest, deeply emarginate at apex, upper and lateral ones beardless, truncate at apex; spurs slender, 5–7 mm long, exceeding calycine appendages, cylindrical obtuse; styles 1.2–1.6 mm long, geniculate at base, thickened distally, apex slightly lobes on both sides with inconspicuously anterior stigmatic beak.
Capsules 4–6 mm long, globose to ellipsoid, glabrous. Seeds ovoid, ca. 1 mm long.
Chromosome number n=11.

分布

台灣 : Endemic.

引證標本

TAIPEI: Wantan, Kawakami 58 (Type of V. formosana, TI!). ILAN: Taipingshan, Huang et al. 10781; Yuanyang Lake, Wang 5012. TAOYUAN: Lalashan, Huang 7670. HSINCHU: Mt. Yura, Simada 2389c. MIAOLI: Shihtoushan, Hsieh s. n. 1929. TAICHUNG: Chungyanchienshi-Nanhushi, Wang 3582. NANTOU: Tsueifeng-Hohuanshan, Ying 1759. CHIAYI: Alishan, Wang 4206. KAOHSIUNG: Kwanshan, Wang 4233. TAITUNG: Hsinkanshan, Yamamoto 902. HUALIEN: Chingshuishan, Wang 2309.