Rosaceae

薔薇科

特徵描述

屬列表

標本列表

特徵描述

註：依本站目前採用的分類系統，本科部分屬在《Flora of Taiwan》中分屬不同科，因此以下依植物誌使用的科名分列特徵描述。

[ Rosaceae 薔薇科 ]

作者

OHASHI, HIROYOSHI

型態特徵

Trees, shrubs or herbs. Leaves alternate or rarely opposite, simple or compound; stipules paired, rarely absent. Inflorescences terminal or axillary, cymose, corymbose, racemose or paniculate, rarely reduced to a single flower. Flowers usually bisexual and actinomorphic. Calyx free from or adnate to the ovary; tube (hypanthium) short or elongated; lobes mostly 5. Petals mostly 5, rarely absent, inserted below the margins of the disc, deciduous. Stamens mostly numerous, usually in a complete ring at the margin of or above the disc; filaments usually free; anthers small, didymous, rarely elongated, 2-locular, dehiscing lengthwise. Carpels 1 to many , free or connate, usually adnate to the calyx-tube; ovules often 2 (rarely 1 to many) in each carpel or ovary-loculus, superposed, anatropous; styles free or connate, basal, lateral or subterminal. Fruits superior to inferior, nude or enclosed by the persistent calyx-tube, drupaceous, pomaceous, follicular or of an indefinite number of achenes. Seeds erect or pendulous, exalbuminous; cotyledons mostly fleshy, plano-convex.

屬

About 120 genera with over 3,300 species, world-wide, especially abundant in the northern temperate regions; 24 genera with 94 species recognized in Taiwan.

參考文獻

OHASHI, HIROYOSHI. 1993. Flora of Taiwan, second edition 3: 69. (Fl. Taiwan 2nd edit.)
Iketani, H. & H. Ohashi. 1991. Journal of Japanese Botany 66: 319-351. (J. Jpn. Bot.)
Kalkman, C. 1973. Blumea 21: 413-442.
Kalkman, C. 1988. The journal of the Linnean Society of London. Botany 98: 37-59. (J. Linn. Soc., Bot.)
Liu, T. S. & H. J. Su. 1997. Flora of Taiwan 3: 57-144. (Fl. Taiwan)
Ohashi, H. 1989. Systematic Botany 16: 376-394. (Syst. Bot.)
Robertson, K. R., J. B. Phipps, J. R. Rohrer & P. G. Smith. 1991. Systematic Botany 16: 376-394. (Syst. Bot.)
Yu, T. T. (ed.). 1974. Flora Reipublicae Popularis Sinicae 36: 1-443. (Fl. Reip. Pop. Sin.)
Yu, T. T. (ed.). 1985. Flora Reipublicae Popularis Sinicae 37: 1-516. (Fl. Reip. Pop. Sin.)
Yu, T. T. (ed.). 1986. Flora Reipublicae Popularis Sinicae 38: 1-133. (Fl. Reip. Pop. Sin.)

[ Thelypteridaceae 金星蕨科 ]

作者

TSAI, JINN-LAI and SHIEH, WANG-CHUENG

型態特徵

Terrestrial ferns; rhizomes usually creeping but not dorsiventral in structure, dictyostelic; rhizome-scales usually rigid, not peltate at the base, bearing unicellular needle-like hairs on margins and often on surfaces. Stipes containing 2 vascular bundles at the base and uniting to form a single strand U-shaped in section; laminae usually oblong or narrowly elliptic in outline, bipinnatifid, rarely bipinnate; surfaces bearing slender unicellular or rarely 2-celled hairs, sometimes also short glandular hairs; costae raised on upper surface at base, grooved or not, if grooved, not open to the groove of rachis; veins all free, pinnately arranged in each lobe of pinnae, or with veins of adjacent groups joining to form an areele towards the sinus between the lobes; sinuses closed at the base by a translucent membrane. Sori usually subapical on the veins, round or somewhat elongate; indusia renifonm, rarely naked. Spores always bilateral with perispore.

參考文獻

TSAI, JINN-LAI and SHIEH, WANG-CHUENG. 1994. Flora of Taiwan, second edition 1: 364. (Fl. Taiwan 2nd edit.)

Rosa 薔薇屬

作者

OHASHI, HIROYOSHI

型態特徵

Prickly shrubs or woody vines. Leaves alternate, imparipinnate, 3–13-foliolate; leaflets serrate; stipules partly adnate to the petioles, glabrous, pubescent or capitate-glandular along the margin. Flowers solitary or in corymbs or panicles, terminal on the branchlets, bisexual; calyx 5-lobed, usually long-acuminate or prolonged into a foliaceous tip, caducous or persistent in fruit; petals 5, white, yellow or pink to red, usually emarginate at apex; stamens numerous in several series, inserted on the disc at the edge of the calyx-tube, the anthers dorsifixed, the filaments filiform; the carpels numerous, free, inserted on the lower part of the hypanthium, the styles free or united; ovule 1. Achenes numerous, bony and hairy, enclosed in the fleshy calyx-tube.

Over 100 species, mostly in the northern temperate regions; about 10 species native to Taiwan.

參考文獻

OHASHI, HIROYOSHI. 1993. Flora of Taiwan, second edition 3: 111. (Fl. Taiwan 2nd edit.)

種列表

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學名中名標本數