Labiatae

唇形科

APG 4

Lamiaceae 唇形科

特徵描述

屬列表

標本列表

特徵描述

作者

HUANG, Tseng-Chieng, HSIEH, Tsung-Hsin and CHENG, Wu-Tsang

型態特徵

Herbs or subshrubs, annual or perennial, usually aromatic. Stems and branches usually quadrangular. Leaves opposite, rarely whorled or alternate, simple, trifoliolate, pinnatifid or pinnate, without stipules. Inflorescences in dichasial, scorpioid, corymbose scorpioid, verticillate, or corymbose or racemose cymes or thyrses, terminal or axillary. Flowers bisexual, irregular, rarely regular. Calyx persistent, campanulate, tubular or urceolate, 5-toothed or rarely 10-toothed, 2-lipped or regular; tube sometimes hairy annulate inside. Corolla sympetalous, tubular, often bilabiate, 4- or 5-lobed, upper lip entire, bifid or deeply lobed, lower lip 3-lobed, central lobe large; stamens 2 or 4, borne on the corolla-tube or throat, filaments flattened, glabrous or hairy, anthers 2- or 1-celled, parallel or divergent, dehiscing lengthwise; ovary superior, 2-carpellate, each carpel deeply 2-lobed; style solitary, mostly unequally bifid; stigma minute; ovules 4, erect. Fruits usually 4 nutlets, enclosed in persistent calyx.

屬

About 220 genera and 3,500 species distributed worldwide, mainly in the Mediterranean region and SW Asia; 36 genera and 73 species in Taiwan.

參考文獻

HUANG, Tseng-Chieng, HSIEH, Tsung-Hsin and CHENG, Wu-Tsang, Flora of Taiwan, second edition 4: 432. 1998. (Fl. Taiwan 2nd edit.)
Wu, C. Y. and H. W. Li., Flora Reipublicae Popularis Sinicae 65(2): 124-248. 1977. (Fl. Reip. Pop. Sin.)
Murata, J. and T. Yamazaki., Flora of Japan 3: 272-321. 1993. (Fl. Jap.)
Hsieh, T. H. and T. C. Huang., Taiwania 43(1): 38-58. 1998.
Huang, T. C., SMC Pulb. Inc. Taipei 365-378. 1997.

Salvia 鼠尾草屬

作者

HUANG, Tseng-Chieng and WU Jiunn-Tzong

型態特徵

Perennial herbs less than 50 cm tall, glabrous or covered with septate hairs; stems usually erect, rarely decumbent. Leaves cauline or clustered at base of stem and appearing radical, simple or compound, sessile or petiolate. Flowers in verticillate cymes forming terminal racemes or panclies, or on a slender scape; bracteoles ovate to elliptic; calyx green, purple or a mixture of both, tubular-campanulate, bilabiate, upper lip entire or 3-toothed, lower lip 2-toothed, glabrous or with hairs inside; corolla yellow, white, reddish-purple, purple or white with purple margins, tubular, bilabiate, tube glabrous or with a ring of hairs inside, lower lip 3-lobed, spreading, central lobe longer than lateral lobes, upper lip truncate, emarginate or bi-lobed; stamens included or exserted, sterile stamens 2, borne on upper lip, fertile stamens 2, borne on lower lip, filaments short, the connective divided into an upper arm and lower arm, upper arm bearing a 1-celled anther, lower arm sterile; stigma unequally bifid. Nutlets ovoid or ellipsoid.