生活型

herb

形態特徵

• Perennials, andromonoecious. Roots thickened, 1.6-4.5 mm across, many with distal fusiform tubers, 1.7-3 by 0.5-0.9 cm. Stems glabrous, dimorphic: vegetative shoot acaulescent, erect; flowering shoots 1-several, ascending, sharply bent.
• Rosette leaves oblanceolate, 12-25 by 2-3.5 cm, apex acuminate, repand, upper surface glabrous or sparsely puberulous, lower surface puberulous, margins ciliate; cauline leaves lanceolate, 0.5-1.8 by 0.3-0.7 cm; sheath puberulous, margins ciliate.
• Inflorescence a terminal thyrse, of 1-4 cymes on several flowering shoots from axils of cauline leaves; bracteoles persistent, deltoid, infundibuliform, perfoliate, ca. 2 by 2 mm; pedicel ca. 6 mm long. Flowers dimorphic; sepals lanceolate to elliptic, boat shaped, apex reddish purple, otherwise greenish, equal, 5-6 by 3 mm, apex obtuse; petals suborbicular, concave, ca. 6 by 4.3 mm, purple; fertile stamens 3, antesepalous, subequal, anticous one longer, others shorter, anthers yellow, margins brown, narrowly ellipsoid-oblong, ca.1.5 mm long; filaments 3.2-5 mm long, bearded, hairs moniliform, purple; staminodes 3, equal, antepetalous, antherodes trilobed, yellow, ca. 0.6 mm long, filaments ca. 2.2 mm long, bearded; ovary ellipsoid, acutely 3-angled, ca. 2 mm long; style thickened toward base, ca. 3.2 mm long, tuberculate.
• Capsule trilocular, 3-valved, ovate-oblong, 3-angled, 5-6 by 3 mm, locules 4-seeded, apex mucronulate. Seed brown, dimorphic: seeds in end of capsule, deltoid, others trapezoidal, 1.3-2 by 1.3-1.5 mm, scrobiculate, embryostega dorsal, hilum punctiform.

分布

• 台灣 : in the south, usually in semishaded places and on bluffs in valleys.
• 世界 : India, Nepal, Bangladesh, Myanmar, Thailand, Laos, Cambodia, Vietnam, southern China, the Philippines, Java, Kangeen Is., Timor and Papua New Guinea.

引證標本

CHIAYI: Tapu, Chen et al. 812. TAINAN: Nanhsi, Leu & Wang 2040; on route from Yuching to Neikeng, Chen 534. KAOHSIUNG: Liukuei to Meinung, Chen & Wang 330; Paolai, Peng 11177. PINGTUNG: Ako, Soma s. n. Aug 1912; Litingshan, Chen & Huang 778.

引用文獻

• WANG, Jenn-Che, CHEN, Yo-Jiun, and PENG, Ching-I, Flora of Taiwan, second edition 5: 170. 2000.  (Fl. Taiwan 2nd edit., 台灣植物誌第二版)