生活型

herb

形態特徵

• Perennial, epiphytic or lithophytic herbs. Rhizoids and stolons capillary, simple.
• Leaves numerous, from peduncle base and stolons, subsessile or petiolate, 3–10 mm long, 2–6 mm wide; lamina obovate,circular or transversely elliptic, thinly fleshy, with dichotomously branching nerves, base cuneate, attenuate or rounded, margins entire, apex rounded, upper surface minutely pustular. Traps on rhizoids and stolons, ovate, 0.6–0.8 mm long, stalked; mouth lateral, with a dorsal, deeply bifid appendage fringed with multicellular stipitate glands.
• Inflorescences erect, 1–15 cm long, 1–10-flowered; peduncle terete, 0.2–0.4 mm thick, glabrous; scales few, similar to the bracts; bracts not basifixed, narrowly ovate or oblong, 1–1.5 mm long, glandular, apex subacute or rounded, base truncate, irregularly crenulate or denticulate; bracteoles similar to bracts but slightly smaller; pedicels spreading at anthesis, often pendulous and withered in fruit, capillary, slightly dorsiventrally compressed, 2–6 mm long. Calyx lobes unequal; upper lobe subcircular or broadly obcordate, 1.5–2.5 mm long, apex rounded or emarginate; lower lobe much smaller, oblong-elliptic, apex rounded to emarginate. Corolla white to violet, with a yellow spot at base of lower lip, 3–10 mm long, much smaller in cleistogamous flowers; upper lip subovate, apex short bifid, much shorter than calyx; lower lip transversely elliptic or subcircular, apex 5-lobed; palate fringed with hairs; spur subulate, apex acute, straight or curved, about as long as lower lip. Filaments straight, ca. 0.6 mm long; anther thecae distinct. Ovary ovoid or depressed globose; style very short; lower lip of stigma semicircular, upper lip obsolete.
• Capsule globose, dorsiventrally compressed, ca. 2.5 mm long, dehiscing by a single, longitudinal, ventral slit. Seeds obovoid, 0.25–0.4 mm long, densely covered with glochidiate processes except at smaller end.

物候

Flowering June to September, fruiting September to October.

分布

• 台灣 : growing in moss on wet cliffs, damp rocks and streamsides at low to middle elevations.
• 世界 : Tropical Africa, southern and eastern Asia.

引證標本

TAIPEI: Bunzangun, Suzuki 20560; Pinghsi, Peng et al. 15175. ILAN: Hotung, Huang 8443; Nanao, Chen et al. 63. TAOYUAN: Fuhsing, Peng 14676. MIAOLI: Tahu, Kawakami & Hayata s. n. 1908; Shihtoushan, Kuo 284. Tienhsiang, Shimizu & Kao 10666; Hsiulin, Wang et al. 1361; Taroko, Peng 11321. NANTOU: Lolo, Suzuki 13216. CHIAYI: Chiaoliping to Juili, Yan 3535; Kuanying waterfall, Ying s. n. 1990. PINGTUNG: Tashulinshan, Matuda s. n. 1920; Wutai, Yang 10403; Chunjih, Liu et al. 716; Santimen, Peng 6888; Wutoushan, Yang 24053; Taiwu, Yang 5295. HUALIEN: Takangkou, Yamamoto 1171; Tienhsiang, Huang & Huang 13355.

參考文獻

• LI, Zhen-Yu, Flora of Taiwan, second edition 4: 727. 1998.  (Fl. Taiwan 2nd edit.)