生活型

herb

形態特徵

• Annual herbs, 30-50 cm tall, the stem erect, 2-3 mm wide, green flushed with purplish red, densely hispid with appressed, incurved hairs, somewhat woody at base.
• Leaves alternate; blades rhomboid, ovate to broadly ovate, 4-7 cm long and 3-4 cm wide, acute to obtuse at apex, rounded to slightly cordate at base, pubescent above and below, hispid on veins, palmately 5-veined, the margins crenate-serrate; petioles 2-3 cm long, densely hispid with appressed, incurved hairs; stipules lanceolate, 1.5-3 mm long, hispid.
• Inflorescence spicate, axillary. Staminate spikes with peduncles up to 1 cm long, ellipsoidal, 5 mm long and 2 mm wide. Staminate flowers densely clustered, 5-8 at a node and subtended by a bract, the bract oblong, 0.5-0.8 mm long, hispid, with a long apical bristle up to 8 mm long and smaller bristles on margins, pedicels up to 0.6 mm long, hispidulous; petals lacking; calyx lobes 4, ovate, 0.3 mm long and wide, purplish red, hispidulous and tuberculate outside; stamens 8 in clusters, white, anthers elongated, 0.3 mm long, pendent, filaments 0.2 mm long. Pistillate spikes ellipsoidal to short cylindrical, 1-2.5 cm long, 1-1.3 cm wide, with a terminal bristlelike projection 5-15 mm long, the projection purplish red, hispidulous, bearing 3-5 nodes of staminate flowers at base and a terminal T-shaped abnomal pistllate flower. Pistillate flowers solitary, sessile, subtended by a foliaceous bract and usually 2-4 extra bractlets, the bracts ovate, 4-7 mm long, 2-3 mm wide, hispid with 5 bristlelike lobes 1.5-2 mm long, the bractlets linear, 1 mm long, hispid; petals lacking; calyx lobes 3, lanceolate, hispidulous, styles 3, elongated, 4-5 mm long, stigma red, divided into filiform segments 2 mm long.
• Capsules ovoid, 3-lobed, 3 mm across, hispidulous, with persistent styles. Seeds 3, ellipsoidal, carunculate, 1.5mm long, 1 mm wide, gray with blackish brown spots, punctate on the surface.

分布

• 台灣 : in Hualien County. It is found on dry, sandy soils, along orchards, shrub borders, unmanaged meadows, and in waste areas.
• 世界 : native from Mexico, the West Indies south to Panama, Venezuela, Peru and Brazil.

引證標本

TAIWAN: Hualien Co. : Hualien City, Meilun, 10 December 2000, Chen s. n.; same loc., 30 December 2000, Su s. n. (All at NHU).

引用文獻

• Shih-Huei Chen, Jian-Yu Su and Ming-Jou Wu, Taiwania 54(3): 273-278. 2009.