特徵描述
作者
HSIEH, CHANG-FU, CHAW, SHU-MIAW and WANG, JENN-CHE
型態特徵
Herbs, shrubs, or trees, often with milky juice, sometimes fleshy and cactus-like. Leaves alternate or rarely opposite, simple or variously compound, mostly stipulate. Flowers monoecious or sometimes dioecious, mostly actinomorphic, variously disposed, with or without perianth, sometimes with a corolla; perianth valvate or imbricate; sepals and petals usually distinct; disc often present, annular or of separate glands. Staminate flowers variable, with stamens usually as many or twice as many as the petals or reduced to one, distinct or mona-delphous; anthers mostly 2-celled. Pistillate flowers with or without staminodes, often pedicellate; ovary superior, consisting of 3 or sometimes 2, or more than 3, united, 1-celled or rarely 2-celled carpels; styles 3, distinct or basally connate, each often 2-lobed; stigmas 3 or 6; placentation axile; ovules one or less commonly 2, pendulous. Fruit usually a schizocarpous capsule splitting often elastically into three 1-seeded cocci that dehisce ventrally, sometimes a drupe; seeds often with a conspicuous caruncle; endosperm mostly copious, fleshy; embryo straight.
屬
A very large family containing about 300 genera and 8,000 species, mostly tropical and subtropical; 27 genera in Taiwan.
參考文獻
Acalypha 鐵莧屬
作者
HSIEH, CHANG-FU, CHAW, SHU-MIAW and WANG, JENN-CHE
型態特徵
Herbs, shrubs or small trees. Leaves alternate, stipulate, petiolate, toothed or crenate, 3–5-nerved or pinnately nerved. Flowers minute, in axillary or terminal spikes or lax panicles, monoecious, rarely dioecious, apetalous. Male flowers very small, ebracteate; sepals 4, valvate in bud; stamens 8, inserted on a convex receptacle, the filaments free, the anther-cells 3, divaricate, often flexuous. Female flowers either at base of male spikes or in separate spikes, often 1–6 in the axil of a large accrescent bract; calyx-lobes 3–5, free or nearly so, imbricate in bud; ovary 3-celled; ovule 1 in each cell; styles 3, rarely 2, filiform, often very long and laciniate or fimbriate. Capsules very small, of 3 bivalved cocci; seeds 3, carunculate.
參考文獻
種列表
- Acalypha akoensis 屏東鐵莧
- Acalypha alopecuroides
- Acalypha angatensis 台灣鐵莧
- Acalypha aristata 南美鐵莧
- Acalypha australis 鐵莧菜
- Acalypha boehmerioides 苧麻葉鐵莧
- Acalypha brachystachya 短序鐵莧菜
- Acalypha caturus 蘭嶼鐵莧
- Acalypha digyneia
- Acalypha diversifolia
- Acalypha gracilens
- Acalypha hederacea
- Acalypha hispida 紅花鐵莧
- Acalypha hontauyuensis 紅頭鐵莧
- Acalypha indica 印度鐵莧
- Acalypha indica var. minima 小葉鐵莧
- Acalypha indica var. hirsuta
- Acalypha kerrii 菱葉鐵莧
- Acalypha langiana
- Acalypha longiacuminata 尖尾鐵莧
- Acalypha luzoniensis
- Acalypha matudai 恆春鐵莧
- Acalypha polystachya
- Acalypha reptans 紅尾鐵莧
- Acalypha sp.
- Acalypha suirenbiensis 花蓮鐵莧
- Acalypha trukensis
- Acalypha virginica
- Acalypha wilkesiana 威氏鐵莧
