生活型

herb

形態特徵

• Perennial herb. Stem obtuse or subterete, pubescent, swollen above the nodes, erect or ascendent, 30–80 cm high.
• Leaves simple, opposite, entire or ciliate, ovate, acuminate or acute at base, acuminate and apiculate at apex, 2.5–7 cm long, 1.5–4 cm wide, punctuate, pilose or glabrescent on both surfaces; petiole 2–13 mm, pilose; vein reticulate, raised on both surface, pilose; hair transparent, with 2–3 nodes, 0.25–0.5 mm long.
• Inflorescence spikes, terminal, 4–15 cm long, pilose, lower flower-clusters remote, highest one crowded; flower-clusters sessile or short stalked with 1 bisexual flower and 2 sterile flowers; bract 1, lanceolate, reflexed, 1–1.5 mm long, pilose on the upper surface and glabrous on the lower, scarious at the margin; each sterile flower containing 1 bracteoles and 3–4(5) stipitate clusters of hooks on a common peduncle, 4.5 mm long; bracteoles ovate-lanceolate, 2 mm by 1 mm, villous, scarious at the margin; each stipitate of hooks containing 5–7 hooks, glabrous at apex and villous at base; perianth segments 5, free, lanceolate, 3.5 mm by 1 mm, 3–5 veins, villous outside and glabrous inside; stamen without pseudo-staminodes, staminal cup very shallow, ca. 0.2–0.4 mm; free parts of filaments 1.5–2 mm long; anther 2 celled, ca. 0.25 mm, longitudinal; pistil 1.5 mm long, ovary with a narrow base and a clearly delimitated broadly rounded apex; style 0.8 mm; stigma capitate.
• Fruit a utricle, 1.5–1.7 mm long, membrane at base, and thicker toward apex. Seed 1, ca. 1.3–1.5 mm, shining black.

引證標本

NANTOU: Paoli, S.-Z. Yang 42561, C.-F. Chen 1824. PINGTUNG: Shizi Hsiang, C.-F. Chen 753; Xiaoliuchqiu, C.-F. Chen 876.

參考文獻

• Sheng-Zehn Yang and Chien-Fan Chen, Taiwania 51(4): 302-307. 2006.