Cymbidium ensifolium

焦尾蘭

Cymbidium ensifolium (L.) Sw.

名彙資訊

特徵描述

典藏標本

數位照片

分布位置

相關資訊

名彙資訊

學名發表文獻

Sw. 1799. Nova Acta Regiae Societatis Scientiarum Upsaliensis 6: 77. (Nova Acta Regiae Soc. Sci. Upsal.)

台灣首次記錄發表文獻

Lin. 1977. Native Orchids of Taiwan 2: 106. (Native Orch. Taiwan)

異名

Cymbidium arrogans Hayata

Hayata. 1914. Icones Plantarum Formosanarum 4: 76. (Icon. Pl. Formos.)
Cymbidium misericors Hayata

Hayata. 1914. Icones Plantarum Formosanarum 4: 79. (Icon. Pl. Formos.)
Cymbidium rubrigemmum Hayata

Hayata. 1916. Icones Plantarum Formosanarum 6: 81. (Icon. Pl. Formos.)
Cymbidium ensifolium (L.) Sw. var. misericors (Hayata) T. P. Lin

Lin. 1977. Native Orchids of Taiwan 2: 105. (Native Orch. Taiwan)
Cymbidium kanran Makino var. misericors (Hayata) S. S. Ying

Ying. 1977. Coloured illustrations of indigeous orchids of Taiwan 1: 440. (Col. Ill. Indig. Orch. Taiwan)
Cymbidium gyokuchin Makino var. arrogans (Hayata) S. S. Ying

Ying. 1977. Coloured illustrations of indigeous orchids of Taiwan 1: 126. (Col. Ill. Indig. Orch. Taiwan)
Cymbidium ensifolium (L.) Sw. var. misericors (Hayata) T. S. Liu & H. J. Su

T. S. Liu & H. J. Su. 1978. Flora of Taiwan 5: 942. (Fl. Taiwan)
Cymbidium ensifolium (L.) Sw. var. rubrigemmum (Hayata) T. S. Liu & H. J. Su

T. S. Liu & H. J. Su. 1978. Flora of Taiwan 5: 940. (Fl. Taiwan)
Cymbidium ensifolium (L.) Sw. var. xiphiifolium (Lindl.) S. S. Ying

Ying. 1990. Memoirs of the College of Agriculture, National Taiwan University 30(1): 38. (Mem. Coll. Agr. Natl. Taiwan Univ.)
Cymbidium oreophilum Hayata

Ying. 1990. Memoirs of the College of Agriculture, National Taiwan University 30(1): 38. (Mem. Coll. Agr. Natl. Taiwan Univ.)
Liuguishania taiwanensis Z.J. Liu & J.N. Zhang

Liu & Zhang. 1998. J. S. China Agric. Univ. 19(1): 73-74.

各語言俗名

中

焦尾蘭、四季蘭、素心蘭、建蘭
台

Sò sim lân、Kim pau lí sò sim lân、Koan im sò sim lân、Sò lân、Âng hoe sò sim lân
日

するがらん、おらん、かんのんらん、かんのんそしん、あかめそしん

參考文獻

Yang. 1982. A list of plants in Taiwan. (List Pl. Taiwan)

特徵描述

生活型

herb

形態特徵

Tufted terrestrials. Roots 5-6 mm thick. Pseudobulbs ovoid, slightly compressed, 2-3 cm tall, 1-2 cm wide.
Leaves 3-5, linear, 30-50 cm long, 1-1.5 or rarely to 2.5 cm wide, coriaceous, apex acute, base cuneate, main veins 3, elevated on lower surface.
Peduncle basal from pseudobulb, 10-25 or rarely to 40 cm longl, remotely few-sheathed; rachis 10 cm or longer; bracts lanceolate, nearly equal or less than half length of pedicel and ovary, acuminate; pedicel and ovary 2.5-3.5 cm long. Flowers ca. 10, pale green, greenish yellow to pale yellow, perianth with few (1, or 3-5) reddish lines and dots, or rarely without any lines and dots, fragrant; sepals oblong to oblanceolate, 2.5-3.6 cm long, 7-8 mm wide, acute or obtuse at apex, lateral ones slightly oblique or falcate; petals elliptic to lanceolate, 2-2.6 cm long, 7- 10 mm wide, often with more red spots near base; lip pale yellow or nearly white, with many large reddish patches, ovate-oblong, obscurely 3-lobed or nearly unlobed, 1.6-2.2 cm long, 8-10 mm wide, lateral lobes or basal sides erect, midlobe reflexed, ovate, obtuse, entire or slightly undulate, disc with 2 yellowish keels often joined at their apex; column pale yellow, 1.2-1.5 cm long, with reddish spots and short lines on ventral side; anther yellowish white, shortly hirsute; pollinia 4, in 2 unequal pairs, attached to crescent-like viscidium.

分布

台灣 : commonly found in forest at 500-2,000 m throughout island.
世界 : Japan, southern China, northern India, Sikkim, Indochina, Thailand, Malaysia, Indonesia and New Guinea.

引證標本

TAIPEI: Kawakami & Shimada s. n. Dec 1909. MIAOLI: Urbansong, Su 7921. NANTOU: Hoshe, Su 8189; Shanlinchi, Su 9045. HUALIEN: Tailukou, Su 9356; Nengkauyueh, Su & Chen 9385.