生活型

herb

形態特徵

• Perennial. Rhizome short creeping, woody. Culms rather robust, loosely tufted, erect to scrambling on bushes, 1-4 m tall, 6-8 mm thick, scabrous on angles.
• Leaves in middle part of culms clustered in pseudo-whorls of 3-5, rather many, 7-13 mm wide, herbaceous to slightly coriaceous, glabrous, scabrous on margins and alone costas, gradually narrowed into a very long apex; sheaths trigonous, densely overlapping, narrowly to broadly winged, scabrous on angles; contraligule dark brown, round to somewhat depressed, densely ciliate on margin.
• Inflorescence consisting of 2-4 dense compound panicles, 15-30 cm long; panicles single, forming pseudo-whorl, peduncles spreading, exserted, scabrous; lowest bracts slightly shorter to as long as inflorescence. Spikelets unisexual, reddish to purplish brown, single or in clusters of 2-3; pistillate spikelets broadly ovoid, 3.5-4 mm long. Staminate spikes lanceolate, 3.5-4 mm long.
• Achene globose to slightly depressed, terete, 2-2.25 mm long, dark grayish to olivaceous brown, shining, smooth to cancellate, umbonulate, sparsely puberulent; hypogynium cup-like, covering most part of achene, yellowish to reddish brown, slightly 3-lobed, obtuse or dentate at apex.

分布

• 台灣 : In forest, thickets, grassy place, swamp and mangrove. In Taiwan, only one collection from the south part.
• 世界 : Sri Lanka, India, southern China, southeastern Asia, Australia and W. Caroline.

引證標本

PINGTUNG: Bankingsing, Faurie 5 (KYO; not seen).

參考文獻

• KOYAMA, Tetsuo, KUOH, Chang-Sheng & LEONG, Wai-Chao, Flora of Taiwan, second edition 5: 313. 2000.  (Fl. Taiwan 2nd edit.)