生活型

herb

形態特徵

• Tall perennial with horizontally creeping, coarse, brown rhizome 0.8-1.5 cm thick. Culms solitary or few close together, standing in a row along rhizome, 70-200 cm tall, 5-8 mm thick below, terete, glaucous green, dull, clothed at base with 3-5 sheaths only.
• Sheaths tightly surrounding culm, lower ones dusky brown and soon disintegrated into reticulate fibers, upper ones whitish green, 10-30 cm long, orifice obliquely truncate, bladeless or with a narrow blade to 10 cm long.
• Inflorescence a pseudolateral anthela, open with many spikelets, 4-8 cm long, nodding; bract 1, subulate, only 1-3 cm long, ventrally channelled, subobtuse at apex; anthela rays 3-8, unequal in length, 1-6 cm long, slender, concave-convexed, further divided and bearing (1-)3-7 spikelets. Spikelets as a rule solitary, at times some clustered in 2 or 3, ovoid to ovoid-ellipsoid, 6-15 mm long, 3-4 mm wide, rusty brown, subacute at apex, densely many-flowered.
• Glumes ovate to elliptic, 2.5-3.2 mm long, membranaceous, often bearing reddish resinous spots on upper median part, margins broadly white-hyaline, ciliate toward apex, green midvein ending in a mucro at obtuse to shallowly emarginate apex. Achenes broadly obovate, 1.8-2.5 mm long, nearly plano-convex, maturing grayish brownish, contracted above to a mucronate apex; style 2 mm long, 2-cleft at apex. Hypogynous bristles 2-5, shorter than to equalling achene, retrorsely scabrous with spinules except at base.

分布

• 台灣 : In shallow water at margin of river, or brackish or fresh-water marshes.
• 世界 : Widely spread in temperate regions and on tropical high mountains of North and South America, Pacific Islands, Australia, Malesia and southern Asia.

引證標本

MIAOLI: Miaoli, Shimada s. n. 1907, Faurie 813. YUNLIN: Rokuryo, Suzuki 6604. KAOHSIUNG: Kueishan, Suzuki 5730. PINGTUNG: Lukaiseh, S. Suzuki 5705; Pingtung, Matuda 142; Suchungchi, Hsu 13544. HUALIEN: Yuli, Yamamoto 3065.

參考文獻

• KOYAMA, Tetsuo, KUOH, Chang-Sheng & LEONG, Wai-Chao, Flora of Taiwan, second edition 5: 305. 2000.  (Fl. Taiwan 2nd edit.)