特徵描述
作者
KAO, Muh-Tsung & DEVOL, Charles E.
型態特徵
Herbs or rarely shrubs. Leaves radical or cauline and opposite, entire, pinnatifid or pinnate; stipules absent. Flowers bracteate, sessile, cymose, bisexual, sometimes polygamous or unisexual, usually small; bracts sometimes fused to form an an outer epicalyx; calyx tube adnate to ovary, plumose or sometimes coronate; corolla superior, gamopetalous, tubular, infundibuliform or rotate, with a spur at base, segments 3–5, often equal, imbricate in bud; stamens 1–4, rarely 5, adnate to corolla tube, alternate with the lobes; ovary inferior, 1–3-celled, ovules 1 per cell, one locule fertile; style solitary, filiform, slender, stigma 2 or 3-lobed or capitate; ovules solitary, pendulous. Fruit a cypselate achene, 1-seeded; seed pendulous; embryo straight.
屬
Ten genera with about 400 species, mainly distributed in the northern hemisphere and South America, a few species in Africa. Three genera and eight species in Taiwan.
參考文獻
Valeriana 纈草屬
作者
KAO, Muh-Tsung & DEVOL, Charles E.
型態特徵
Pubescent or glabrous herbs; stem erect or stoloniferous, terete or angular. Leaves opposite, pinnate or pinnatifid, often decurrent, entire, crenate or toothed. Inflorescence of terminal cymes, corymbosely panicled; bracts opposite, small, oblong or linear, persistent; calyx limb in flower obscure, unrolling in fruit into 5–15 plumose bristles; flowers bisexual or unisexual; corolla funnel-shaped, subcampanulate or rotate, tube gibbous or straight, lobes 5, spreading, pink or white; stamens 3, rarely 4; stigma 2- or 3-fid or subentire; ovary inferior, 1-ovuled. Fruits oblong-lanceolate, compressed, plano-convex, 3-nerved on back, 1-nerved on face.
