特徵描述
作者
YANG, YUEN-PO, SHIH, BING-LING and LIU, HO-YIH
型態特徵
Monoecious, dioecious or rarely polygamous herbs, shrubs, or trees, with or without stinging hairs; cystoliths usually present in epidermal cells. Leaves alternate or opposite, sometimes anisophyllous with nanophylls (reduced leaves), petiolate or sessile, usually stipulate. Inflorescences often cymose glomerules, or sessile and condensed cymes in leaf axils, sometimes a head or a single flower. Flowers minute, unisexual or rarely bisexual, actinomorphic or zygomorphic, mostly green; perianth a single whorl or rarely absent. Male flowers: perianth segments 2-5, mostly free or connate in lower half; stamens 2-5, inflexed in bud, anthers basifixed, longitudinally dehiscent, rudimentary ovary often present. Female flowers: perianth segments 2-5, free or somewhat completely connate; staminodes present or absent; ovary superior, 1-loculed, stigma capitate, penicillate, ligulate or filiform; ovule 1, basal. Fruit an achene or drupe, sometimes enclosed by persistent perianth; seed with thin testa; embryo straight, surrounded by oily endosperm.
屬
About 45 genera with about 1,000 species, widely distributed in the tropical and temperate regions; 21 genera in Taiwan.
參考文獻
Pilea 冷水麻屬
作者
YANG, YUEN-PO, SHIH, BING-LING and LIU, HO-YIH
型態特徵
Annual or perennial, monoecious or dioecious herbs or undershrubs. Leaves opposite, equally or very unequally paired; stipules intrapetiolar. Inflorescences axillary, dense or capitate glomerules or cymose-panicles, pedunculate; bracts free. Male flowers with 2-5 incompletely connate sepals; stamens 2-5; pistil rudimentary. Female flowers with 2-5 sepals; sepals usually unequal, free or connate at base; staminodes 2-5, scale-like; ovary glabrous; stigma deciduous, penicillate. Achenes laterally compressed, ovoid to spheroid.
參考文獻
種列表
- Pilea angulata 長柄冷水麻
- Pilea aquarum ssp. brevicornuta 短角冷水麻
- Pilea cadierei 白雪草
- Pilea crateraforma
- Pilea elliptifolia 橢圓葉冷水麻
- Pilea funkikensis 奮起湖冷水麻
- Pilea herniarioides 美洲冷水麻
- Pilea japonica 日本冷水麻
- Pilea matsudai 細尾冷水麻
- Pilea melastomoides 大冷水麻
- Pilea microphylla 小葉冷水麻
- Pilea nummulariifolia 古錢冷水花
- Pilea peploides 矮冷水麻
- Pilea peploides var. major 齒葉矮冷水麻
- Pilea plataniflora 西南冷水麻
- Pilea pumila 透莖冷水麻
- Pilea rotundinucula 圓果冷水麻
- Pilea somai 細葉冷水麻
- Pilea sp.
- Pilea swinglei 三角葉冷水麻
- Pilea tsiangiana 海南冷水花
