作者

YANG, YUEN-PO and SHIH, BING-LING

型態特徵

Dioecious, terrestrial or epiphytic woody plants. Leaves spirally arranged, petiolate; stipules connate, mostly amplexicaul. Staminate inflorescences cymosely branched; perianth of staminate flowers with 2–4-lobes, free or connate; stamens 1–4; pistillode present or absent. Pistillate inflorescences pedunculate, a digitate cluster of spikes; perianth of pistillate flowers 2–4-lobed, tubular, persistent in fruit; ovary superior, stigma 1, ovule basal, subbasal or orthotropous. Endocarp crustaceous or woody, endosperm present or absent.

屬

Six genera with ca. 180 species in the tropics. One genus with one species in Taiwan.

參考文獻

作者

YANG, YUEN-PO, SHIH, BING-LING and LIU, HO-YIH

型態特徵

Monoecious, dioecious or rarely polygamous herbs, shrubs, or trees, with or without stinging hairs; cystoliths usually present in epidermal cells. Leaves alternate or opposite, sometimes anisophyllous with nanophylls (reduced leaves), petiolate or sessile, usually stipulate. Inflorescences often cymose glomerules, or sessile and condensed cymes in leaf axils, sometimes a head or a single flower. Flowers minute, unisexual or rarely bisexual, actinomorphic or zygomorphic, mostly green; perianth a single whorl or rarely absent. Male flowers: perianth segments 2-5, mostly free or connate in lower half; stamens 2-5, inflexed in bud, anthers basifixed, longitudinally dehiscent, rudimentary ovary often present. Female flowers: perianth segments 2-5, free or somewhat completely connate; staminodes present or absent; ovary superior, 1-loculed, stigma capitate, penicillate, ligulate or filiform; ovule 1, basal. Fruit an achene or drupe, sometimes enclosed by persistent perianth; seed with thin testa; embryo straight, surrounded by oily endosperm.

參考文獻