特徵描述
作者
KAO, MUH-TSUEN
型態特徵
Perennial or annual herbs, rarely suffrutescent, caulescent or acaulescent; roots often thick,tuberous or fusiform; stems erect or creeping, usually fistulose or solid. Leaves alternate, simple or prominently divided and compound, the upper petioles frequently embracing young inflorescence with a dilated sheath-like base. Flowers yellow, white, pink, purplish or violet, bisexual or polygamous, in simple or compound umbels, sometimes capitate; calyx 5-toothed; petals 5, valvate or slightly imbricate in bud, free, deciduous, often incurved at apex; stamens 5, alternate with petals. the filaments filiform, incurved in bud; ovary inferior, bilocular; styles 2, often accrescent, usually with stylopodium; ovules solitary in each cell, pendulous. Fruit a schizocarp, bilocular, separating into 2 carpels (mericarps), these usually suspended from the top of the central column called carpophore, with 5 primary ribs and sometimes 4 intermediate or secondary ones; vittae (oil-tubes) often present; seeds with abundant endosperm and a small embryo.
屬
About 200 genera and 3,000 species distributed in the whole world. sixteen genera, about 29 species and two varieties in Taiwan.
參考文獻
- KAO, MUH-TSUEN, Flora of Taiwan, second edition 3: 1010. . (Fl. Taiwan 2nd edit.)
- Hiroe, M., 1-219. 1958.
- Ohwi, J., 667-686. 1965.
- Walker, E. H., Fl. Okinawa and southern Ryukyu Is. 789-799. 1976.
Hydrocotyle 天胡荽屬
作者
KAO, MUH-TSUEN
型態特徵
Annual or perennial prostrate herbs, glabrous or pubescent, shortly erect stems, usually rooting at the nodes. Leaves usually simple, petiolate, cordate, palmately lobed or incised, sometimes peltate; stipules small, membranaceaous, non-sheathing. Umbels capitate, small, opposite the leaves or axillary, solitary or in terminal spikes; involucres present or wanting. Flowers bisexual, white, greenish or yellow; petals entire, ovate, valvate; calyx-teeth minute or obsolete; stylopodium conic to depressed. Fruit orbicular to ellipsoid, laterally compressed, the commissure narrow; carpels orbicular to triangular in transection with 5 primary ribs, the secondary ribs wanting. Vittae wanting or obscure. Carpophores wanting. Seed-face plane to concave.
參考文獻
種列表
- Hydrocotyle acutiloba 銳裂天胡荽
- Hydrocotyle asiatica
- Hydrocotyle batrachium 台灣天胡荽
- Hydrocotyle benguetensis 菲島天胡荽
- Hydrocotyle dichondroides 毛天胡荽
- Hydrocotyle javanica var. polycephale
- Hydrocotyle leucocephala 白頭天胡荽
- Hydrocotyle pseudoconferta 乞食碗
- Hydrocotyle ranunculoides 漂浮天胡荽
- Hydrocotyle setulosa 阿里山天胡荽
- Hydrocotyle sibthorpioides var. tuberifera 基隆天胡荽
- Hydrocotyle sibthorpioides 天胡荽
- Hydrocotyle sp.
- Hydrocotyle verticillata 銅錢草
- Hydrocotyle vulgaris 野天胡荽
