特徵描述
作者
KAO, MUH-TSUEN
型態特徵
Perennial or annual herbs, rarely suffrutescent, caulescent or acaulescent; roots often thick,tuberous or fusiform; stems erect or creeping, usually fistulose or solid. Leaves alternate, simple or prominently divided and compound, the upper petioles frequently embracing young inflorescence with a dilated sheath-like base. Flowers yellow, white, pink, purplish or violet, bisexual or polygamous, in simple or compound umbels, sometimes capitate; calyx 5-toothed; petals 5, valvate or slightly imbricate in bud, free, deciduous, often incurved at apex; stamens 5, alternate with petals. the filaments filiform, incurved in bud; ovary inferior, bilocular; styles 2, often accrescent, usually with stylopodium; ovules solitary in each cell, pendulous. Fruit a schizocarp, bilocular, separating into 2 carpels (mericarps), these usually suspended from the top of the central column called carpophore, with 5 primary ribs and sometimes 4 intermediate or secondary ones; vittae (oil-tubes) often present; seeds with abundant endosperm and a small embryo.
屬
About 200 genera and 3,000 species distributed in the whole world. sixteen genera, about 29 species and two varieties in Taiwan.
參考文獻
- KAO, MUH-TSUEN, Flora of Taiwan, second edition 3: 1010. . (Fl. Taiwan 2nd edit.)
- Hiroe, M., 1-219. 1958.
- Ohwi, J., 667-686. 1965.
- Walker, E. H., Fl. Okinawa and southern Ryukyu Is. 789-799. 1976.
Bupleurum 柴胡屬
作者
KAO, MUH-TSUEN
型態特徵
Perennial or rarely biennial herbs, glabrous and often glaucous, erect or spreading, often woody at base, woody or fibrous taproots. Radical leaves petiolate, membranaceous, entire, usually with parallel venation; cauline leaves usually sessile and clasping, auriculate or perfoliate. Umbels loosely compound; involucre and involucel foliaceous, staceous or wanting. Flowers yellow, pedicelled or subsessile; calyx-teeth obsolete; petals obovate, emarginate; style short, the stylopodium flattened. Fruit oblong to orbicular or ellipsoid, slightly compressed laterally and constricted at the commissure, usually glabrous; ribs distinct, sometimes subulate, rarely obscure. Carpels subterete in transection; carpophore entire, bifid or 2-partite. Vittae 1–3 in the interval, rarely wanting or many. Seed-face plane.
