Tiliaceae

田麻科

APG 4

Malvaceae 錦葵科

特徵描述

屬列表

標本列表

特徵描述

作者

LIU, TANG-SHUI and LO, HANN-CHIANG

型態特徵

Mucilaginous trees or shrubs, infrequently herbs, generally covered with stellate, sometimes simple hairs, or lepidote scales. Leaves alternate, rarely opposite, entire or more or less dentate or lobed, stipulate, petiolate; stipules paired, fugacious or absent. Inflorescence axillary or terminal, often opposite a leaf, sometimes borne on the stem, cymose, umbellate, paniculate or flowers generally bracteolate, small or large, hermaphroditic, sometimes imperfect, generally actinomorphic, sometimes calyculate; calyx usually valvate, seldom imbricate, gamo- or poly-sepalous; sepals (2–3-)4–5(–6–8), caduous, persistent or accrescent; petals 4–5(–6), sometimes sepaloid, rarely absent, contorted, imbricate or valvate, usually free, often glandular at base; stamens inserted on receptacle or gonophore, usually numerous, rarely less than 10, sometimes partially staminodial in hermaphroditic flowers, absent or staminodial in pistillate ones, free or shortly connate at base into a tube or into 5 or 10 phalanges; anthers usually 2-thecate, longitudinally dehiscent or apically porose; gynoecium with (1-)2–5(–10) syncarpous carpels, infrequently with 5–6 apocarpous carpels; ovary usually superior, rarely subinferior to inferior, sessile on receptacle or gonophore, some¬times borne on a gynophore, (1-)2 to many-celled; cells sometimes divided by false partitions, with (1-)2-many ovules in every cell and generally with axile placentation, infrequently parietal; style usually simple; stigma entire or more or less 2- to 10-lobed; ovules anatropous. Fruit baccate, drupaceous or capsular, smooth or spinose, sometimes winged, 2- to 10-locular, rarely 1-locular by abortion, variously dehiscent or indehiscent; seeds solitary to many in every loculus, sometimes pilose or arillate; with abundant or scanty albumen; embryo straight or slightly curved; cotyledons foliaceous, seldom carnose.

屬

About 36 genera with nearly 400 species, mostly in the tropics, few in temperate regions; five genera with 14 species in Taiwan.

參考文獻

LIU, TANG-SHUI and LO, HANN-CHIANG, Flora of Taiwan, second edition 3: 723. . (Fl. Taiwan 2nd edit.)

Grewia 捕魚木屬

作者

LIU, TANG-SHUI and LO, HANN-CHIANG

型態特徵

Trees, erect shrubs or climbers more or less covered with stellate hairs; main stems usually few, in clusters or single, much branched; bark grey or brown, lenticellate, longitudinally short-grooved, thick and fibrous; wood soft, light; pith obvious. Leaves simple, alternate, sometimes distichous, variably ovate to oblong, mostly unlobed, serrate-dentate, rarely entire, 3–5-palminerved, both surfaces covered with stellate hairs, scabrous, petiolate, stipulate; stipules 2, narrow, sharp, entire. Inflorescence peduncled, axillary, oppositifolious or rarely terminal, solitary or clustered, umbellate; flowers hermaphroditic, actino¬morphic, small, pedicellate, bracteolate; calyx valvate; sepals 5, free, deciduous, densely hairy without, usually glabrous within; petals 5, free, deciduous, much smaller than sepals, usually glabrous without, glandular at base within; glands surrounded by a tuft or whorl of hairs; gonophore elongated or not, densely pubescent at apex, otherwise glabrous; stamens many, free, inserted on apex of gonophore and around ovary; filaments glabrous; anthers dorsifixed, dorsally curved, 2-thecate, longitudinally dehiscent; ovary superior, ciliate, 2–4-celled, each cell with 1–2(–8)-ovules in 2 rows; style distinct, slim; stigma slightly or deeply 2–4-lobed. Fruit drupaceous, green, glabrous or tomentose, fibrous, entire or mostly 2–4-lobed, the lobes oblate, 1–4-celled; pyrenes 1–4, 1–4-seeded, with spurious partitions between seeds; seeds albuminous.