特徵描述
作者
LIU, TANG-SHUI and LO, HANN-CHIANG
型態特徵
Mucilaginous trees or shrubs, infrequently herbs, generally covered with stellate, sometimes simple hairs, or lepidote scales. Leaves alternate, rarely opposite, entire or more or less dentate or lobed, stipulate, petiolate; stipules paired, fugacious or absent. Inflorescence axillary or terminal, often opposite a leaf, sometimes borne on the stem, cymose, umbellate, paniculate or flowers generally bracteolate, small or large, hermaphroditic, sometimes imperfect, generally actinomorphic, sometimes calyculate; calyx usually valvate, seldom imbricate, gamo- or poly-sepalous; sepals (2–3-)4–5(–6–8), caduous, persistent or accrescent; petals 4–5(–6), sometimes sepaloid, rarely absent, contorted, imbricate or valvate, usually free, often glandular at base; stamens inserted on receptacle or gonophore, usually numerous, rarely less than 10, sometimes partially staminodial in hermaphroditic flowers, absent or staminodial in pistillate ones, free or shortly connate at base into a tube or into 5 or 10 phalanges; anthers usually 2-thecate, longitudinally dehiscent or apically porose; gynoecium with (1-)2–5(–10) syncarpous carpels, infrequently with 5–6 apocarpous carpels; ovary usually superior, rarely subinferior to inferior, sessile on receptacle or gonophore, some¬times borne on a gynophore, (1-)2 to many-celled; cells sometimes divided by false partitions, with (1-)2-many ovules in every cell and generally with axile placentation, infrequently parietal; style usually simple; stigma entire or more or less 2- to 10-lobed; ovules anatropous. Fruit baccate, drupaceous or capsular, smooth or spinose, sometimes winged, 2- to 10-locular, rarely 1-locular by abortion, variously dehiscent or indehiscent; seeds solitary to many in every loculus, sometimes pilose or arillate; with abundant or scanty albumen; embryo straight or slightly curved; cotyledons foliaceous, seldom carnose.
屬
About 36 genera with nearly 400 species, mostly in the tropics, few in temperate regions; five genera with 14 species in Taiwan.
參考文獻
Corchorus 黃麻屬
作者
LIU, TANG-SHUI and LO, HANN-CHIANG
型態特徵
Undershrubs or herbs, erect with spreading branches, nearly glabrous or pubescent; pubescence stellate or simple; stems brownish-green; stems longi¬tudinally grooved; pith obvious. Leaves simple, alternate, usually bitailed at base, serrate, 3-palminerved, petiolate, 2-stipulate; stipules small, cuneate. Flowers small, yellow, usually opposite a leaf on the stem, solitary, 2 in pairs or rarely 3–5 crowded together, hermaphroditic, actinomorphic, pedicellate, bracteolate; buds small, brown or green; calyx valvate, free at apex, tail-like; sepals (4-)5, free, deciduous; petals (4-)5, free, generally imbricate, glandless; gonophore short, glandless; stamens numerous or rarely twice the number of sepals; filaments inserted at apex of gonophore and around the ovary, free or more or less connate; anthers 2-thecate, introrse, dorsifixed, versatile, longitudinally dehiscent; ovary superior, sessile, 2–5-celled (1-celled in bud); ovules many in each cell; style simple, occasionally short; stigma densely papillate. Capsules chartaceous to coriaceous, cylindric, silique-like at apex and smooth, or short, subglobose, warty and muricate, loculicidally dehiscent, 3–5-valvate; valves sometimes transversely septate; seeds numerous, small, polyhedral, pendulous or horizontal, albuminous; embryo generally curved; cotyledons cordate, foliaceous.
