Theaceae
茶科
特徵描述
作者
HSIEH, CHANG-FU, LING, LAI-KUAN and YANG, KUOH-CHENG
型態特徵
Erect evergreen trees or shrubs. Leaves alternate, simple, usually serrate, penninerved, estipulate. Flowers axillary, rarely terminal, solitary, occasionally fasciculate, actinomorphic, usually bisexual, often with 2 bracts below the calyx. Sepals mostly 5, imbricate, free or very shortly united, often unequal. Petals 5, rarely 4 to many, free or basally connate, imbricate. Stamens numerous, rarely as few as 5, free or connate below, usually adnate to base of petals. Ovary superior, rarely half-inferior, mostly 3–5-celled, ovules 2 to many in each cell, placentas axile; styles as many as carpels, free or partly connate. Fruit a berry or drupaceous, but often capsular; seeds 1 to many, winged or wingless; embryo large, straight or curved; endosperm present or absent, rarely abundant.
屬
Nearly 17 genera, with about 600 species; mostly distributed in eastern and southeastern Asia, with several genera in South America, Central America, Africa and southeastern United States; nine genera in Taiwan.
參考文獻
- HSIEH, CHANG-FU, LING, LAI-KUAN and YANG, KUOH-CHENG. 1996. Flora of Taiwan, second edition 2: 662. (Fl. Taiwan 2nd edit.)
- Keng, H. 1950. Taiwania 1: 223-268.
Camellia 山茶屬
作者
SU, MONG-HUAI, YANG, KUOH-CHENG, LING, LAI-KUAN and HSIEH, CHANG-FU
型態特徵
Trees or shrubs; leaves alternate, generally serrate. Flowers bisexual, axillary, solitary or 2–3- clustered, sessile or shortly pedicelled; pedicels 4–8-bracteolate; sepals 5 to many, distinct or not at all distinguishable from the lower bracteoles; petals 5–7, unequal, slightly connate at base; stamens numerous, outer ones connate to base of the petals, inner ones free; anthers versatile; ovary 3–5-celled, with 4–6 pendulous ovules in each, styles filiform, connate below. Fruit a capsule, woody, opening loculicidally, with a persistent central axis. Seeds not winged, embryo straight, radicle superior.
About 110 species in tropical and subtropical Asia. Eleven species (including one variety) in Taiwan.
參考文獻
種列表
- Camellia brevistyla 短柱山茶
- Camellia caudata 尾葉山茶
- Camellia chinmeiae 錦美山茶
- Camellia formosensis 台灣山茶
- Camellia formosensis var. australis 南臺灣山茶
- Camellia formosensis var. yungkangensis 永康山茶
- Camellia furfuracea 垢果山茶
- Camellia hengchunensis 恆春山茶
- Camellia japonica 日本山茶
- Camellia japonica var. hortensis
- Camellia kissi 落瓣油茶
- Camellia nokoensis 能高山茶
- Camellia oleifera 油茶
- Camellia otanianus
- Camellia salicifolia 柳葉山茶
- Camellia sasanqua 茶梅
- Camellia sinensis 茶樹
- Camellia sinensis var. assamica 阿薩姆茶
- Camellia sp.
- Camellia transarisanensis 阿里山茶
- Camellia transnokoensis 汎能高山茶
- Camellia trichoclada 毛枝連蕊茶
