作者

NAGAMASU, Hidetoshi

型態特徵

Evergreen or deciduous shrubs or trees. Leaves simple, alternate, exstipulate. Inflorescences axillary or terminal racemes, spikes, panicles, fascicles, condensed clusters, or rarely flowers solitary. Flowers with a bract and 2 bracteoles, actinomorphic, bisexual or plants rarely polygamous or dioecious; calyx lobes (3–)5, imbricate or valvate; corolla shallowly or deeply (3–)5(–11)-lobed, lobes imbricate; stamens 4 to many in 1–4 series, inserted on corolla, free, pentadelphous or monadelphous; anthers introrse, bilocular, longitudinally dehiscent; ovary inferior or partially inferior, 2–5-locular; style single, slender, base surrounded by a nectary disk; ovules 2–4 in each locule, pendulous on axile placentae, anatropous, epitropous or amphitropous, unitegmic, tenuinucellate. Pollen grains in monads, 2- or 3-colporate or 3-porate, oblate to oblate-spheroidal. Fruits monopyrenous drupes, usually crowned by persistent calyx lobes; seeds usually solitary in each developed cell, straight or curved, with copious endosperm; embryo straight or curved, with very short cotyledons. Seedlings epigeal, phanerocotylar; cotyledons 2, linear, slightly thick; hypocotyl terete, slender, usually densely papillate; leaves all spirally arranged. x = 11(–14).

屬

One genus with ca. 300–400 species, in moist tropical, subtropical and temperate regions of Asia, Oceania and America; 26 species (8 endemic) with one variety in Taiwan.

參考文獻

• Brand, A., Das Pflanzenreich Heft 6: 100. 1901.
• Handel-Mazzetti, H. & E. Peter-Stibal., 62-B: 1-42. 1943.
• Nooteboom, H. P., Universitaire Pers Leiden Leiden Bot. Ser. 1: 1-336. 1975.
• NAGAMASU, Hidetoshi, Flora of Taiwan, second edition 4: 101. 1998.  (Fl. Taiwan 2nd edit.)