特徵描述
作者
WILLIAM G. D'Arcy and PENG, Ching-I
型態特徵
Herbs, shrubs, small trees, or climbers. Stems and leaves with included phloem, sometimes prickly or thorny; hairs simple, branched, or stellate, sometimes glandular. Leaves alternate, solitary or paired, simple or pinnately compound, entire, dentate, lobed, or divided; stipules wanting. Inflorescences terminal and overtopped by continuing axes, but usually appearing axillary, extra-axillary, or leaf opposed, often apparently umbellate, racemose, paniculate, clustered, or flowers solitary. Flowers mostly bisexual, mostly 5-merous; calyx mostly partly lobed; petals united; stamens inserted within corolla, alternating with the lobes, alike or 1 or more reduced, anthers dehiscing longitudinally or by apical pores; ovary 2–5-locular; placentation mostly axile, ovules numerous; style single, terminal. Fruit a berry or capsule; seeds with copious endosperm; embryo mostly curved; fruiting calyx mostly persistent, often becoming enlarged.
屬
About 95 genera with 2,300 species; best represented in western tropical America, widespread in temperate and tropical regions; in Taiwan 10 genera (seven introduced) and 30 species. Some species are cultivated as ornamentals, medicinals or crop plants.
參考文獻
- William G. D'Arcy and Peng, Ching-I, Flora of Taiwan, second edition 4: 549. 1998. (Fl. Taiwan 2nd edit.)
- Kuang, K. Z. & A. M., Flora Reipublicae Popularis Sinicae 67(1): 1-175. 1978. (Fl. Reip. Pop. Sin.)
- Liu, Y. C. & C. H. Ou, Flora of Taiwan 4: 530-550. 1978. (Fl. Taiwan)
- Zhang, Z. Y., A. M. Lu and W. G. D'Arcy, Flora of China Family 17: 300-332. 1994. (Fl. China)
Physalis 燈籠草屬
作者
WILLIAM G. D'Arcy and PENG, Ching-I
型態特徵
Annual or perennial herbs, glabrous or pubescent with simple hairs. Leaves mostly equal, sometimes paired, simple, membranaceous, entire, denticulate or sinuate, petiolate. Inflorescences solitary or few flowers in leaf axils or branch forks. Flowers radially symmetrical, 5-merous; calyx campanulate, lobed, often ribbed; corolla yellow or white, often with a contrasting eye, rotate or rotate-campanulate, mostly subentire; filaments inserted at base of corolla tube, often pubescent, sometimes basally expanded, anthers dehiscing longitudinally; ovary 2-locular. Fruit a juicy, globose berry; fruiting calyx green (in our species), inflated, entirely enveloping berry, membranaceous or leathery, with 5 or l0 longitudinal ribs, base often invaginated; seeds numerous, compressed, discoid or reniform, minutely pitted; embryo coiled, subperipheral.
