特徵描述
作者
WILLIAM G. D'Arcy and PENG, Ching-I
型態特徵
Herbs, shrubs, small trees, or climbers. Stems and leaves with included phloem, sometimes prickly or thorny; hairs simple, branched, or stellate, sometimes glandular. Leaves alternate, solitary or paired, simple or pinnately compound, entire, dentate, lobed, or divided; stipules wanting. Inflorescences terminal and overtopped by continuing axes, but usually appearing axillary, extra-axillary, or leaf opposed, often apparently umbellate, racemose, paniculate, clustered, or flowers solitary. Flowers mostly bisexual, mostly 5-merous; calyx mostly partly lobed; petals united; stamens inserted within corolla, alternating with the lobes, alike or 1 or more reduced, anthers dehiscing longitudinally or by apical pores; ovary 2–5-locular; placentation mostly axile, ovules numerous; style single, terminal. Fruit a berry or capsule; seeds with copious endosperm; embryo mostly curved; fruiting calyx mostly persistent, often becoming enlarged.
屬
About 95 genera with 2,300 species; best represented in western tropical America, widespread in temperate and tropical regions; in Taiwan 10 genera (seven introduced) and 30 species. Some species are cultivated as ornamentals, medicinals or crop plants.
參考文獻
- William G. D'Arcy and Peng, Ching-I, Flora of Taiwan, second edition 4: 549. 1998. (Fl. Taiwan 2nd edit.)
- Kuang, K. Z. & A. M., Flora Reipublicae Popularis Sinicae 67(1): 1-175. 1978. (Fl. Reip. Pop. Sin.)
- Liu, Y. C. & C. H. Ou, Flora of Taiwan 4: 530-550. 1978. (Fl. Taiwan)
- Zhang, Z. Y., A. M. Lu and W. G. D'Arcy, Flora of China Family 17: 300-332. 1994. (Fl. China)
Lycianthes 紅絲線屬
作者
WILLIAM G. D'Arcy and PENG, Ching-I
型態特徵
Unarmed shrubs, woody vines (elsewhere) or herbs; pubescence of many-celled, simple or 2- to many-branched hairs. Leaves solitary or paired, entire. Inflorescences 1–10-flowered fascicles in leaf axils. Flowers radially symmetrical, mostly 5-merous; calyx cupular, truncate or with 10 subapical teeth (in our species), teeth linear or umbonate, equal or not; corolla white or purple-blue, rotate, shallowly or deeply lobed (in our species); stamens inserted at apex of corolla tube, filaments short, equal (in our species), anthers ellipsoid, dehiscing by apical pores; ovary 2-locular; ovules numerous. Fruit a red or red-purple berry, globose; seeds numerous, small, compressed, ovate to triangular, finely reticulate; embryo coiled, subperipheral.
