特徵描述
作者
WILLIAM G. D'Arcy and PENG, Ching-I
型態特徵
Herbs, shrubs, small trees, or climbers. Stems and leaves with included phloem, sometimes prickly or thorny; hairs simple, branched, or stellate, sometimes glandular. Leaves alternate, solitary or paired, simple or pinnately compound, entire, dentate, lobed, or divided; stipules wanting. Inflorescences terminal and overtopped by continuing axes, but usually appearing axillary, extra-axillary, or leaf opposed, often apparently umbellate, racemose, paniculate, clustered, or flowers solitary. Flowers mostly bisexual, mostly 5-merous; calyx mostly partly lobed; petals united; stamens inserted within corolla, alternating with the lobes, alike or 1 or more reduced, anthers dehiscing longitudinally or by apical pores; ovary 2–5-locular; placentation mostly axile, ovules numerous; style single, terminal. Fruit a berry or capsule; seeds with copious endosperm; embryo mostly curved; fruiting calyx mostly persistent, often becoming enlarged.
屬
About 95 genera with 2,300 species; best represented in western tropical America, widespread in temperate and tropical regions; in Taiwan 10 genera (seven introduced) and 30 species. Some species are cultivated as ornamentals, medicinals or crop plants.
參考文獻
- William G. D'Arcy and Peng, Ching-I, Flora of Taiwan, second edition 4: 549. 1998. (Fl. Taiwan 2nd edit.)
- Kuang, K. Z. & A. M., Flora Reipublicae Popularis Sinicae 67(1): 1-175. 1978. (Fl. Reip. Pop. Sin.)
- Liu, Y. C. & C. H. Ou, Flora of Taiwan 4: 530-550. 1978. (Fl. Taiwan)
- Zhang, Z. Y., A. M. Lu and W. G. D'Arcy, Flora of China Family 17: 300-332. 1994. (Fl. China)
Capsicum 辣椒屬
作者
WILLIAM G. D'Arcy and PENG, Ching-I
型態特徵
Annual or perennial herbs or shrubs; pubescence of simple hairs. Leaves solitary or paired, simple, entire or sinuate; petiolate. Inflorescences solitary or few-flowered clusters at branch forks or leaf axils; peduncle absent; pedicel erect or nodding. Flowers actinomorphic; calyx broadly cupular to campanulate, truncate, sometimes denticulate or with 5 lateral teeth; corolla white, yellow, blue, or violet, campanulate or rotate, divided halfway or more; filaments inserted near base of corolla tube, equal, slender, anthers yellow or purplish, ovoid, dehiscing longitudinally; ovary 2- (or 3)-locular; ovules numerous. Fruit a moist berry, sometimes large, erect, nodding, or reflexed, pungent or not; fruiting calyx sometimes slightly enlarged; seeds numerous, yellowish, discoid; embryo coiled, subperipheral.
