Smilacaceae

菝?科

APG 4

Smilacaceae 菝?科

特徵描述

屬列表

標本列表

特徵描述

作者

KOYAMA, Tetsuo, WANG, Kuang-Yuh, LU, Fu-Yuan, and OU, Chern-Hsiung

型態特徵

Perennial woody or herbaceous vines or occasionally low shrubs, dioecious. Stems often armed, sometimes verruculose. Leaves alternate; blades lanceolate to ovate, 3-7-costate, costas connected by reticulate veins; petiole sheathing, with wing-like margin, apex of petiole sheath cirrhose, jointed from apex of sheath to base of blade. Inflorescence of 1-many umbels, in leaf axils, axis with or without prophyll at base. Perianth segments 6, free or connate to varying degrees; inner tepals narrower than outer ones. Stamens 6, sometimes 3, rarely to 18, free or monadelphous: anthers 1-locular, reduced to needlelike staminodia in pistillate flowers. Ovary superior, usually 2-locular. each locule containing 1 or 2 anatropous ovules, stigmas 3. Fruit a berry.

屬

About 250 species in three genera in tropical and subtropical parts of both hemispheres; highest species concentration in southeastern Asia and Malesia. Two genera in Taiwan.

參考文獻

KOYAMA, Tetsuo, WANG, Kuang-Yuh, LU, Fu-Yuan, and OU, Chern-Hsiung, Flora of Taiwan, second edition 5: 99. 2000. (Fl. Taiwan 2nd edit.)

Smilax 菝?屬

作者

KOYAMA, Tetsuo, WANG, Kuang-Yuh, LU, Fu-Yuan, and OU, Chern-Hsiung

型態特徵

Lianas with woody or herbaceous stems, or sometimes shrubs, dioecious. Stems and branches often armed with prickles or bristles. Leaves alternate; blade of varying shapes, mostly lanceolate to ovate, 3- to 7-costate, costas connected by reticulate veinlets; petiole sheathing on lower part, with a pair of wings, jointed either at apex or between apex and sheathing portion, or sometimes at apex of sheath; tendrils, when developed, arising from immediately above petiole sheath. Inflorescences of either single umbel at non-prophyllate axils of leaves or of 1-many-umbellate racemes or spikes with main axis prophyllate at base. Perianth segments 6, free or connate at base in staminate flowers of a few species; outer tepals broader than inner ones. Staminate flowers with 6 (rarely 9 to 18) free or rarely monadelphous stamens; anthers unilocular, nearly basifixed; vestigial pistil none. Pistillate flowers with one pistil and 0-6 staminodia; ovary ovoid or globose, locules 3, each containing 1 or 2 anatropous ovules; style very short; stigmas 3, usually recurved. Fruit a berry. Basic chromosome number X = 13, rarely 15.