台灣植物資訊整合查詢系統
Plants of Taiwan
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Smilacaceae

菝?科

特徵描述
屬列表
標本列表

特徵描述

作者

KOYAMA, Tetsuo, WANG, Kuang-Yuh, LU, Fu-Yuan, and OU, Chern-Hsiung

型態特徵

Perennial woody or herbaceous vines or occasionally low shrubs, dioecious. Stems often armed, sometimes verruculose. Leaves alternate; blades lanceolate to ovate, 3-7-costate, costas connected by reticulate veins; petiole sheathing, with wing-like margin, apex of petiole sheath cirrhose, jointed from apex of sheath to base of blade. Inflorescence of 1-many umbels, in leaf axils, axis with or without prophyll at base. Perianth segments 6, free or connate to varying degrees; inner tepals narrower than outer ones. Stamens 6, sometimes 3, rarely to 18, free or monadelphous: anthers 1-locular, reduced to needlelike staminodia in pistillate flowers. Ovary superior, usually 2-locular. each locule containing 1 or 2 anatropous ovules, stigmas 3. Fruit a berry.

屬

About 250 species in three genera in tropical and subtropical parts of both hemispheres; highest species concentration in southeastern Asia and Malesia. Two genera in Taiwan.

參考文獻

Smilax 菝契屬

作者

KOYAMA, Tetsuo, WANG, Kuang-Yuh, LU, Fu-Yuan, and OU, Chern-Hsiung

型態特徵

Lianas with woody or herbaceous stems, or sometimes shrubs, dioecious. Stems and branches often armed with prickles or bristles. Leaves alternate; blade of varying shapes, mostly lanceolate to ovate, 3- to 7-costate, costas connected by reticulate veinlets; petiole sheathing on lower part, with a pair of wings, jointed either at apex or between apex and sheathing portion, or sometimes at apex of sheath; tendrils, when developed, arising from immediately above petiole sheath. Inflorescences of either single umbel at non-prophyllate axils of leaves or of 1-many-umbellate racemes or spikes with main axis prophyllate at base. Perianth segments 6, free or connate at base in staminate flowers of a few species; outer tepals broader than inner ones. Staminate flowers with 6 (rarely 9 to 18) free or rarely monadelphous stamens; anthers unilocular, nearly basifixed; vestigial pistil none. Pistillate flowers with one pistil and 0-6 staminodia; ovary ovoid or globose, locules 3, each containing 1 or 2 anatropous ovules; style very short; stigmas 3, usually recurved. Fruit a berry. Basic chromosome number X = 13, rarely 15.

Over 200 species in tropical and subtropical regions of both hemispheres, with several herbaceous species extending their ranges into temperate regions in eastern Asia and North America.

參考文獻

種列表

標本列表

學名 中名 標本數
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