Sapotaceae
山欖科
特徵描述
作者
LI, Hui-Lin and YANG, T. Y. Aleck
型態特徵
Trees or shrubs, usually with latex. Branchlets and young growth often ferrugineous-tomentose. Leaves spirally arranged or alternate, sometimes clustered at apex of branchlets; margin entire, petiolate or subsessile; stipules early deciduous or absent. Flowers bisexual or unisexual usually in axillary clusters, rarely solitary; cluster pedunculate or in raceme-like inflorescence, bracteolate. Calyx 1 whorl of usually 4–6 sepals, imbricate, or 2 whorls each with 2–4 sepals, valvate, persistent. Corolla lobes 1 or 2 times as many as sepals, usually entire. Stamens as many as and opposite corolla lobes to many and in 2 or 3 whorls; filaments usually short, inserted in throat of corolla tube; staminodes scaly to petal-like, alternate with stamens, or absent. Ovary superior, 2–8 locular, placentation axile; ovules 1 per cell, anatropous; style 1, often apically lobed. Fruits indehiscent, berries or drupes, 1–8-seeded. Seeds ellipsoid, often compressed; seed coat hard, shiny, rich in tannin; seed scar lateral and linear to oblong or basal, rounded; endosperm usually oily; embryo straight.
屬
A pantropical family of about 107 genera and over 1,000 species; only 2 genera and 3 species in Taiwan.
參考文獻
Palaquium 膞木屬
作者
LI, Hui-Lin and YANG, T. Y. Aleck
型態特徵
Trees, usually very lactiferous. Branchlets with terminal scaly buds. Leaves often clustered, coriaceous; stipulate. Flowers axillary, fascicled or solitary, pedicellate, white, fragrant; sepals (4–)6, in 2 whorls; corolla 4–6-lobed, imbricate or twisted; stamens (8–)12–18(–36), in 2 or 3 whorls, anthers ovate, staminodes absent; ovary villous, 6(–11)-celled, style subulate, ovules pendulous. Fruit a berry, fleshy, globose, 1–4-seeded. Seeds with scar covering half of surface, without endosperm.
About 115 species in tropical Asia, India, Sri Lanka, Cambodia, Thailand, Malaysia, Vietnam, the Philippines, Taiwan, Papua New Guinea and the Pacific islands. Only one species in Taiwan.
