Sapindaceae
無患子科
特徵描述
註：依本站目前採用的分類系統，本科部分屬在《Flora of Taiwan》中分屬不同科，因此以下依植物誌使用的科名分列特徵描述。
[ Aceraceae 槭樹科 ]
作者
LI, HUI-LIN and LO, HANN-CHUNG
型態特徵
Trees or shrubs, unarmed, without latex; branches pertaining green. Leaves opposite, estipulate, simple or pinnately compound. Flowers in axillary or terminal racemes, panicles, corymbs, umbels or spikes, andropolygamous and monoecious or dioecious, or unisexual and dioecious, seemingly bisexual, actinomorphic, usually 4–5 merous; sepals free, overlapping in bud; petals sometimes none, mostly equal in number to the sepals, overlapping in bud, at the base without a scale; disk annular, lobed; stamens 4–12, usually 8, on, around or within the disk; filaments free, filiform; anthers inserted in a basal cleft or medifixed; cells 2, longitudinally dehiscent; ovary superior, 2-lobed, 2-celled, compressed contrary to the septum; ovules 2 in each cell, orthotropous to anatropous; styles 2, or one 2-armed. Fruit a samara; mericarps 2, separating when ripe, winged on the endosperm; embryo with folded cotyledons.
屬
A family of 3 genera, about 200 species, mainly in north temperate zone.
參考文獻
[ Sapindaceae 無患子科 ]
作者
CHEN, CHING-HSIA
型態特徵
Trees, shrubs, vines or rarely herbs. Leaves usually alternate, pinnately or palmately compound, rare simple; stipules none or in some climbing species present. Flower usually small, unisexual or bisexual, in racemes, panicles or corymbs, actinomorphic or commonly zygomorphic; calyx 4–5, imbricate or valvate sepals; petals 4–5 or wanting, often with hairs or scales at the base inside; hypogynous discs well developed, situated between petals and stamens; stamens usually 8–10, the filaments distinct or united at base; ovary superior, 2–4-celled, with one or more ovules in each cell; placentation axile or parietal, the style simple or divided. Fruit various, drupaceous or capsular, entire or lobed, sometimes winged. Seeds often arillate globose or compressed, albuminous or exalbuminous.
參考文獻
Pometia 番龍眼屬
作者
CHEN, CHING-HSIA
型態特徵
Tall trees. Leaves alternate, pinnate; the leaflets subopposite, entire or serrate. Inflorescence racemes simple or paniculate, elongated, slender. Flower regular, polygamous, fascicled, small, shorter than their pedicels; sepals 4–5, valvate; petals 4–5, small, usually without scales; disc complete, annular, lobed; stamens 4–8, inserted within the disc, at length much exserted; anthers small; ovary 2–3-celled; ovules solitary; styles elongated; the stigma obtuse, emarginate. Fruit 1–2-coccous, the lobes subglobose or ellipsoid, indehiscent, smooth. Seeds exalbuminous, covered with a mucilaginous aril.
Species five, from Indo-Malaya to the Pacific Islands. One in Taiwan.
