Rosaceae
薔薇科
特徵描述
註：依本站目前採用的分類系統，本科部分屬在《Flora of Taiwan》中分屬不同科，因此以下依植物誌使用的科名分列特徵描述。
[ Rosaceae 薔薇科 ]
作者
OHASHI, HIROYOSHI
型態特徵
Trees, shrubs or herbs. Leaves alternate or rarely opposite, simple or compound; stipules paired, rarely absent. Inflorescences terminal or axillary, cymose, corymbose, racemose or paniculate, rarely reduced to a single flower. Flowers usually bisexual and actinomorphic. Calyx free from or adnate to the ovary; tube (hypanthium) short or elongated; lobes mostly 5. Petals mostly 5, rarely absent, inserted below the margins of the disc, deciduous. Stamens mostly numerous, usually in a complete ring at the margin of or above the disc; filaments usually free; anthers small, didymous, rarely elongated, 2-locular, dehiscing lengthwise. Carpels 1 to many , free or connate, usually adnate to the calyx-tube; ovules often 2 (rarely 1 to many) in each carpel or ovary-loculus, superposed, anatropous; styles free or connate, basal, lateral or subterminal. Fruits superior to inferior, nude or enclosed by the persistent calyx-tube, drupaceous, pomaceous, follicular or of an indefinite number of achenes. Seeds erect or pendulous, exalbuminous; cotyledons mostly fleshy, plano-convex.
屬
About 120 genera with over 3,300 species, world-wide, especially abundant in the northern temperate regions; 24 genera with 94 species recognized in Taiwan.
參考文獻
- OHASHI, HIROYOSHI. 1993. Flora of Taiwan, second edition 3: 69. (Fl. Taiwan 2nd edit.)
- Iketani, H. & H. Ohashi. 1991. Journal of Japanese Botany 66: 319-351. (J. Jpn. Bot.)
- Kalkman, C. 1973. Blumea 21: 413-442.
- Kalkman, C. 1988. The journal of the Linnean Society of London. Botany 98: 37-59. (J. Linn. Soc., Bot.)
- Liu, T. S. & H. J. Su. 1997. Flora of Taiwan 3: 57-144. (Fl. Taiwan)
- Ohashi, H. 1989. Systematic Botany 16: 376-394. (Syst. Bot.)
- Robertson, K. R., J. B. Phipps, J. R. Rohrer & P. G. Smith. 1991. Systematic Botany 16: 376-394. (Syst. Bot.)
- Yu, T. T. (ed.). 1974. Flora Reipublicae Popularis Sinicae 36: 1-443. (Fl. Reip. Pop. Sin.)
- Yu, T. T. (ed.). 1985. Flora Reipublicae Popularis Sinicae 37: 1-516. (Fl. Reip. Pop. Sin.)
- Yu, T. T. (ed.). 1986. Flora Reipublicae Popularis Sinicae 38: 1-133. (Fl. Reip. Pop. Sin.)
[ Thelypteridaceae 金星蕨科 ]
作者
TSAI, JINN-LAI and SHIEH, WANG-CHUENG
型態特徵
Terrestrial ferns; rhizomes usually creeping but not dorsiventral in structure, dictyostelic; rhizome-scales usually rigid, not peltate at the base, bearing unicellular needle-like hairs on margins and often on surfaces. Stipes containing 2 vascular bundles at the base and uniting to form a single strand U-shaped in section; laminae usually oblong or narrowly elliptic in outline, bipinnatifid, rarely bipinnate; surfaces bearing slender unicellular or rarely 2-celled hairs, sometimes also short glandular hairs; costae raised on upper surface at base, grooved or not, if grooved, not open to the groove of rachis; veins all free, pinnately arranged in each lobe of pinnae, or with veins of adjacent groups joining to form an areele towards the sinus between the lobes; sinuses closed at the base by a translucent membrane. Sori usually subapical on the veins, round or somewhat elongate; indusia renifonm, rarely naked. Spores always bilateral with perispore.
參考文獻
Potentilla 翻白草屬
作者
OHASHI, HIROYOSHI
型態特徵
Perennial herbs or rarely annual herbs or shrubs. Leaves radical or alternate, digitately 3- to 7-foliolate or pinnately compound, the stipules adnate to the base of the petiole. Inflorescence usually cymose-paniculate, rarely solitary; calyx-tube concave, calyx-lobes 5, alternate with the bracts of the calycles; petals 5 (rarely 4), deciduous, obcordate or rounded, usually not clawed, yellow, white or rarely dark-purple; stamens usually about 20; anthers more or less didymous; filaments filiform or subulate; receptacles hemispheric or conical; carpels usually many, rarely 10 or fewer; styles lateral or terminal, persistent or deciduous, long and filiform or short. Fruits achenes, numerous, minute, smooth or pilose, sessile, 1-seeded. Seeds pendulous or ascending.
About 500 species in the northern temperate and boreal regions, a few in the southern temperate; six species recognized in Taiwan.
參考文獻
種列表
- Potentilla alba
- Potentilla alpestris
- Potentilla ancistrifolia 皺葉委陵菜
- Potentilla anserina 蕨麻
- Potentilla apennina
- Potentilla argentea 銀背委陵菜
- Potentilla aurea
- Potentilla bifurca
- Potentilla canadensis
- Potentilla canescens
- Potentilla centigrana 蛇莓委陵菜
- Potentilla chinensis 委陵菜
- Potentilla dickinsii
- Potentilla dickinsii var. typica
- Potentilla discolor 翻白草
- Potentilla erecta 洋委陵菜
- Potentilla fragarioides var. flagellaris
- Potentilla fragarioides var. sprengeliana
- Potentilla freyniana 三葉委陵菜
- Potentilla fruticosa
- Potentilla fruticosa var. dahurica
- Potentilla fruticosa var. micrandra
- Potentilla fruticosa var. parvifolia
- Potentilla fruticosa var. veitchii
- Potentilla kleiniana 蛇含委陵菜
- Potentilla leuconota 玉山金梅
- Potentilla longifolia 腺毛委陵菜
- Potentilla matsumurae
- Potentilla matsumurae var. pilosa 高山翻白草
- Potentilla minor
- Potentilla miyabei
- Potentilla monspeliensis
- Potentilla nipponica 日本翻白草
- Potentilla nivalis
- Potentilla palustris
- Potentilla pedata
- Potentilla pumila
- Potentilla reptans
- Potentilla sanguisorbifolia
- Potentilla simplex
- Potentilla sterilis
- Potentilla strigosa 茸毛委陵菜
- Potentilla supina 朝天委陵菜
- Potentilla supina var. ternata 小花金梅
- Potentilla tabernaemontani
- Potentilla taiwaniana
- Potentilla thuringiaca
- Potentilla togasii
- Potentilla tridentata
- Potentilla tugitakensis 雪山翻白草
- Potentilla turbinata
- Potentilla verna
- Potentilla wiemanniana
