Rosaceae
薔薇科
特徵描述
註：依本站目前採用的分類系統，本科部分屬在《Flora of Taiwan》中分屬不同科，因此以下依植物誌使用的科名分列特徵描述。
[ Rosaceae 薔薇科 ]
作者
OHASHI, HIROYOSHI
型態特徵
Trees, shrubs or herbs. Leaves alternate or rarely opposite, simple or compound; stipules paired, rarely absent. Inflorescences terminal or axillary, cymose, corymbose, racemose or paniculate, rarely reduced to a single flower. Flowers usually bisexual and actinomorphic. Calyx free from or adnate to the ovary; tube (hypanthium) short or elongated; lobes mostly 5. Petals mostly 5, rarely absent, inserted below the margins of the disc, deciduous. Stamens mostly numerous, usually in a complete ring at the margin of or above the disc; filaments usually free; anthers small, didymous, rarely elongated, 2-locular, dehiscing lengthwise. Carpels 1 to many , free or connate, usually adnate to the calyx-tube; ovules often 2 (rarely 1 to many) in each carpel or ovary-loculus, superposed, anatropous; styles free or connate, basal, lateral or subterminal. Fruits superior to inferior, nude or enclosed by the persistent calyx-tube, drupaceous, pomaceous, follicular or of an indefinite number of achenes. Seeds erect or pendulous, exalbuminous; cotyledons mostly fleshy, plano-convex.
屬
About 120 genera with over 3,300 species, world-wide, especially abundant in the northern temperate regions; 24 genera with 94 species recognized in Taiwan.
參考文獻
- OHASHI, HIROYOSHI. 1993. Flora of Taiwan, second edition 3: 69. (Fl. Taiwan 2nd edit.)
- Iketani, H. & H. Ohashi. 1991. Journal of Japanese Botany 66: 319-351. (J. Jpn. Bot.)
- Kalkman, C. 1973. Blumea 21: 413-442.
- Kalkman, C. 1988. The journal of the Linnean Society of London. Botany 98: 37-59. (J. Linn. Soc., Bot.)
- Liu, T. S. & H. J. Su. 1997. Flora of Taiwan 3: 57-144. (Fl. Taiwan)
- Ohashi, H. 1989. Systematic Botany 16: 376-394. (Syst. Bot.)
- Robertson, K. R., J. B. Phipps, J. R. Rohrer & P. G. Smith. 1991. Systematic Botany 16: 376-394. (Syst. Bot.)
- Yu, T. T. (ed.). 1974. Flora Reipublicae Popularis Sinicae 36: 1-443. (Fl. Reip. Pop. Sin.)
- Yu, T. T. (ed.). 1985. Flora Reipublicae Popularis Sinicae 37: 1-516. (Fl. Reip. Pop. Sin.)
- Yu, T. T. (ed.). 1986. Flora Reipublicae Popularis Sinicae 38: 1-133. (Fl. Reip. Pop. Sin.)
[ Thelypteridaceae 金星蕨科 ]
作者
TSAI, JINN-LAI and SHIEH, WANG-CHUENG
型態特徵
Terrestrial ferns; rhizomes usually creeping but not dorsiventral in structure, dictyostelic; rhizome-scales usually rigid, not peltate at the base, bearing unicellular needle-like hairs on margins and often on surfaces. Stipes containing 2 vascular bundles at the base and uniting to form a single strand U-shaped in section; laminae usually oblong or narrowly elliptic in outline, bipinnatifid, rarely bipinnate; surfaces bearing slender unicellular or rarely 2-celled hairs, sometimes also short glandular hairs; costae raised on upper surface at base, grooved or not, if grooved, not open to the groove of rachis; veins all free, pinnately arranged in each lobe of pinnae, or with veins of adjacent groups joining to form an areele towards the sinus between the lobes; sinuses closed at the base by a translucent membrane. Sori usually subapical on the veins, round or somewhat elongate; indusia renifonm, rarely naked. Spores always bilateral with perispore.
參考文獻
Fragaria 草莓屬
作者
OHASHI, HIROYOSHI
型態特徵
Mostly stoloniferous perennial herbs. Leaves radical, alternate, petioled, 3-foliolate, the leaflets serrate-dentate; stipules membranaceous, adnate to the base of petioles. Flowers solitary or in small racemose clusters, white, rarely pale yellow; calyx persistent, the tube obconic or turbinate, 5-bracteolate; calyx-lobes 5–8, valvate; petals 5–8, broadly obovate; stamens numerous, 1-seriate, persistent, the anthers didymous; carpels numerous, free from each other; styles ventral, short, persistent; ovule solitary, ascending from the middle of the loculus. Achenes numerous, minute, seated in pits on the enlarged fleshy ellipsoidal or globose receptacle, glabrous.
About 12 species, mostly in the northern temperate regions; one in Taiwan.
