特徵描述
作者
YANG, T. Y. ALECK and HUANG, TSENG-CHIENG
型態特徵
Mainly annual or perennial herbs, sometimes small shrubs or woody climbers, rarely polygamous or dioecious herbs. Leaves simple or compound, radical or cauline, often divided, mostly alternate but opposite in Clematis; stipules mostly absent or present, adnate to petiole, rarely free. Inflorescence cymes, racemes, panicles or flower solitary. Flowers bisexual, rarely unisexual, actinomorphic (regular), or zygomorphic (irregular). Petals hypogynous, free, imbricate or valvate in Clematis, deciduous. Sepals 4 or 5, green or colored. Petals 4 or 5 or more, or absent, well developed or sometimes reduced to nectaries, spur present or absent, usually at base. Stamens hypogynous, numerous, free, spirally arranged; anthers 2-celled, introrse, longitudinally dehiscent. Carpels few to many, rarely solitary, free, spirally arranged or whorled, 1-celled; styles short to long; ovules 1-many, anatropous, erect or pendulous. Fruits achene or follicles, sometimes capsules or berries; seeds 1-many, small, albuminous, embryo minute.
屬
About 58 genera with 1,750 species, worldwide, but mainly in the north temperate and frigid areas; 10 genera and 31 species in Taiwan.
參考文獻
- YANG, T. Y. ALECK and HUANG, TSENG-CHIENG, Flora of Taiwan, second edition 2: 506. 1996. (Fl. Taiwan 2nd edit.)
- Yang, T. Y. A. & T. C. Huang, Taiwania 41(2): 117-153. 1996.
- Wang, W. T. et. al., Flora Reipublicae Popularis Sinicae 27: 24-664. 1979. (Fl. Reip. Pop. Sin.)
- Wang, W. T. et. al., Flora Reipublicae Popularis Sinicae 28: . 1980. (Fl. Reip. Pop. Sin.)
Ranunculus 毛茛屬
作者
YANG, T. Y. ALECK and HUANG, TSENG-CHIENG
型態特徵
Annual or perennial herbs, terrestrial (most), aquatic or semi-aquatics; upright, spreading or sometimes creeping. Roots fibrous and/or stoloniferous rhizomes. Leaves dimorphic or monomorphic, simple, ternate, pinnate, biternate or bipinnate; unlobed, 3- or more lobed to 3-parted, chartaceous or subcoriaceous, margin entire or serrate, alternate or radical leaves forming a basal rosette with long sheathing petioles, cauline leaves short-petiolate, subsessile to sessile; stipules absent. Inflorescence terminal or axillary, a cyme or flowers solitary. Flowers bisexual, actinomorphic, yellow, white, or red; sepals 5, green, deciduous; petals larger than sepals, usually 5, sometimes 6(-10), with a nectariferous spot, cup-shaped or covered by a scale, clawed; stamens numerous, glabrous, anthers oblong or narrowly ovate, filaments linear; carpels many, with an ascending ovule, spirally arranged on glabrous or pubescent receptacle. Fruits aggregated forming a globose or ellipsoid head; achenes ovate, orbicular, obovate or elliptic, compressed or convex in lateral view; glabrous or hairy, scabrous or papillate; style persistent or not, or lengthening to become beaklike after anthesis.
參考文獻
種列表
- Ranunculus abortivus
- Ranunculus acer
- Ranunculus aconitifolius
- Ranunculus acris 花毛莨
- Ranunculus adoneus
- Ranunculus aquatilis
- Ranunculus arvensis 田野毛茛
- Ranunculus auricomus
- Ranunculus californicus
- Ranunculus cantoniensis 禺毛茛
- Ranunculus cardiophyllus
- Ranunculus cassubicus
- Ranunculus cheirophyllus 掌葉毛茛
- Ranunculus chinensis 茴茴蒜
- Ranunculus cymbaria
- Ranunculus dielsianus 康定毛茛
- Ranunculus dissectus
- Ranunculus ellipticus
- Ranunculus fascicularis
- Ranunculus ficaria 榕葉毛茛
- Ranunculus flagelliformis
- Ranunculus flammula
- Ranunculus flavidus
- Ranunculus formosa-montanus 蓬萊毛茛
- Ranunculus geoides
- Ranunculus hebecarpus
- Ranunculus hispidus
- Ranunculus hyperboreus
- Ranunculus iriomotensis
- Ranunculus japonicus 毛茛
- Ranunculus junipericola 高山毛茛
- Ranunculus kagiensis
- Ranunculus lutarius
- Ranunculus morii 森氏毛茛
- Ranunculus multifidus
- Ranunculus nankotaizanus 南湖毛茛
- Ranunculus pallasii
- Ranunculus parviflorus
- Ranunculus propinquus
- Ranunculus pyrenaeus
- Ranunculus repens 匍枝毛茛
- Ranunculus sceleratus 石龍芮
- Ranunculus sieboldii 揚子毛茛
- Ranunculus silerifolius 鉤柱毛茛
- Ranunculus sp.
- Ranunculus taisanensis 鹿場毛茛
- Ranunculus ternatus 小毛茛
- Ranunculus thora
- Ranunculus vernyi
- Ranunculus yaegatakensis
