特徵描述
作者
YANG, T. Y. ALECK and HUANG, TSENG-CHIENG
型態特徵
Mainly annual or perennial herbs, sometimes small shrubs or woody climbers, rarely polygamous or dioecious herbs. Leaves simple or compound, radical or cauline, often divided, mostly alternate but opposite in Clematis; stipules mostly absent or present, adnate to petiole, rarely free. Inflorescence cymes, racemes, panicles or flower solitary. Flowers bisexual, rarely unisexual, actinomorphic (regular), or zygomorphic (irregular). Petals hypogynous, free, imbricate or valvate in Clematis, deciduous. Sepals 4 or 5, green or colored. Petals 4 or 5 or more, or absent, well developed or sometimes reduced to nectaries, spur present or absent, usually at base. Stamens hypogynous, numerous, free, spirally arranged; anthers 2-celled, introrse, longitudinally dehiscent. Carpels few to many, rarely solitary, free, spirally arranged or whorled, 1-celled; styles short to long; ovules 1-many, anatropous, erect or pendulous. Fruits achene or follicles, sometimes capsules or berries; seeds 1-many, small, albuminous, embryo minute.
屬
About 58 genera with 1,750 species, worldwide, but mainly in the north temperate and frigid areas; 10 genera and 31 species in Taiwan.
參考文獻
- YANG, T. Y. ALECK and HUANG, TSENG-CHIENG, Flora of Taiwan, second edition 2: 506. 1996. (Fl. Taiwan 2nd edit.)
- Yang, T. Y. A. & T. C. Huang, Taiwania 41(2): 117-153. 1996.
- Wang, W. T. et. al., Flora Reipublicae Popularis Sinicae 27: 24-664. 1979. (Fl. Reip. Pop. Sin.)
- Wang, W. T. et. al., Flora Reipublicae Popularis Sinicae 28: . 1980. (Fl. Reip. Pop. Sin.)
Dichocarpum 人字果屬
作者
YANG, T. Y. ALECK and HUANG, TSENG-CHIENG
型態特徵
Perennial erect herbs with rhizomes. Leaves radical and cauline or radical only, alternate, ternately or pedately compound, terminal segments simple, unlobed or slightly lobed; petiolate. Inflorescence a monochasium or cyme; bracts 3-lobed or ternately divided. Flowers bisexual, actinomorphic, white, rarely pale yellow or pale pink; sepals 5, petaloid, elliptic or obovate, white or pale yellow, deciduous; petals 5, much smaller than sepals, round or obovate, with a slender claw, apex entire or retuse, sometimes slightly 3 or 4-lobed; stamens 5-25, anthers obovate-globose or widely ellipsoid-globose, yellow, filaments linear; carpels 2, erect, oblong, connate at base, sessile; ovules numerous. Follicles 2, obovate-linear or narrowly oblong with small beak at apex, divaricate or patent. Seeds many, round-globose, rarely elliptic-globose, brown, nitid, usually smooth, sometimes verruculose or scaberulus.
