特徵描述
作者
YANG, T. Y. ALECK and HUANG, TSENG-CHIENG
型態特徵
Mainly annual or perennial herbs, sometimes small shrubs or woody climbers, rarely polygamous or dioecious herbs. Leaves simple or compound, radical or cauline, often divided, mostly alternate but opposite in Clematis; stipules mostly absent or present, adnate to petiole, rarely free. Inflorescence cymes, racemes, panicles or flower solitary. Flowers bisexual, rarely unisexual, actinomorphic (regular), or zygomorphic (irregular). Petals hypogynous, free, imbricate or valvate in Clematis, deciduous. Sepals 4 or 5, green or colored. Petals 4 or 5 or more, or absent, well developed or sometimes reduced to nectaries, spur present or absent, usually at base. Stamens hypogynous, numerous, free, spirally arranged; anthers 2-celled, introrse, longitudinally dehiscent. Carpels few to many, rarely solitary, free, spirally arranged or whorled, 1-celled; styles short to long; ovules 1-many, anatropous, erect or pendulous. Fruits achene or follicles, sometimes capsules or berries; seeds 1-many, small, albuminous, embryo minute.
屬
About 58 genera with 1,750 species, worldwide, but mainly in the north temperate and frigid areas; 10 genera and 31 species in Taiwan.
參考文獻
- YANG, T. Y. ALECK and HUANG, TSENG-CHIENG, Flora of Taiwan, second edition 2: 506. 1996. (Fl. Taiwan 2nd edit.)
- Yang, T. Y. A. & T. C. Huang, Taiwania 41(2): 117-153. 1996.
- Wang, W. T. et. al., Flora Reipublicae Popularis Sinicae 27: 24-664. 1979. (Fl. Reip. Pop. Sin.)
- Wang, W. T. et. al., Flora Reipublicae Popularis Sinicae 28: . 1980. (Fl. Reip. Pop. Sin.)
Coptis 黃連屬
作者
YANG, T. Y. ALECK and HUANG, TSENG-CHIENG
型態特徵
Perennial erect herbs with creeping yellowish rhizomes. Leaves radical, ternately to palmately divided, 3 to 5-partite, sometimes ternate to triternate; petiolate. Scapes 1 or 2, erect; Inflorescence a monochasium, dichasium or pleiochasium, or sometimes a single flower; bracts lanceolate, usually pinnately divided. Flowers small, bisexual, sometimes unisexual, actinomorphic, white or yellowish-green; sepals 5 or 6, petaloid, elliptic, deciduous; petals 5 or 6, shorter than sepals, oblanceolate or spatulate, clawed, nectariferous or not; stamens numerous, anthers widely elliptic, filaments linear; carpels 5-14, stipitate. Follicles several, umbellately arranged on receptacle, chartaceous, stipitate, stalks pubescent. Seeds few, oblong-globose, brown, nitid, with a crustaceous testa.
