特徵描述
作者
YANG, T. Y. ALECK and HUANG, TSENG-CHIENG
型態特徵
Mainly annual or perennial herbs, sometimes small shrubs or woody climbers, rarely polygamous or dioecious herbs. Leaves simple or compound, radical or cauline, often divided, mostly alternate but opposite in Clematis; stipules mostly absent or present, adnate to petiole, rarely free. Inflorescence cymes, racemes, panicles or flower solitary. Flowers bisexual, rarely unisexual, actinomorphic (regular), or zygomorphic (irregular). Petals hypogynous, free, imbricate or valvate in Clematis, deciduous. Sepals 4 or 5, green or colored. Petals 4 or 5 or more, or absent, well developed or sometimes reduced to nectaries, spur present or absent, usually at base. Stamens hypogynous, numerous, free, spirally arranged; anthers 2-celled, introrse, longitudinally dehiscent. Carpels few to many, rarely solitary, free, spirally arranged or whorled, 1-celled; styles short to long; ovules 1-many, anatropous, erect or pendulous. Fruits achene or follicles, sometimes capsules or berries; seeds 1-many, small, albuminous, embryo minute.
屬
About 58 genera with 1,750 species, worldwide, but mainly in the north temperate and frigid areas; 10 genera and 31 species in Taiwan.
參考文獻
- YANG, T. Y. ALECK and HUANG, TSENG-CHIENG, Flora of Taiwan, second edition 2: 506. 1996. (Fl. Taiwan 2nd edit.)
- Yang, T. Y. A. & T. C. Huang, Taiwania 41(2): 117-153. 1996.
- Wang, W. T. et. al., Flora Reipublicae Popularis Sinicae 27: 24-664. 1979. (Fl. Reip. Pop. Sin.)
- Wang, W. T. et. al., Flora Reipublicae Popularis Sinicae 28: . 1980. (Fl. Reip. Pop. Sin.)
Aconitum 烏頭屬
作者
YANG, T. Y. ALECK and HUANG, TSENG-CHIENG
型態特徵
Perennial or annual erect or scandent herbs with underground tubers. Leaves simple, alternate or sometimes radical, palmately divided, usually 3- to 5-(or more)partite, rarely undivided; petiolate. Inflorescence a raceme or panicle; bracts usually 2. Flowers bisexual, zygomorphic, violet, purple, blue, yellow or sometimes cream-colored. Sepals 5, petaloid, upper sepals galeate or boat-shaped, lateral sepals round or nearly so, lower sepals elliptic, smaller than others; petals 2, sometimes 5, small, lobed usually with labia and spur, nectariferous, stalked; stamens numerous, spirally arranged, anthers elliptic-globose, filaments winged at base; staminodes present or absent; carpels 3-5(-6-13), free, styles shorter than ovaries persistent after anthesis. Follicles ellipsoid. Seeds 10-20, quadrangular, winged along ridges or sometimes with membranaceous wings on the surface.
參考文獻
種列表
- Aconitum barbatum var. ochranthum
- Aconitum carmichaeli
- Aconitum columbianum
- Aconitum crassipes
- Aconitum deflexum var. maritimum
- Aconitum deflexum var. hakonense
- Aconitum deflexum
- Aconitum fischeri
- Aconitum fukutomei 台灣烏頭
- Aconitum fukutomei var. formosanum 蔓烏頭
- Aconitum gigas
- Aconitum grosse-dentatum var. sikokianum
- Aconitum hakusanense var. genuinum
- Aconitum japonicum var. genuinum
- Aconitum lutescens
- Aconitum multifidum
- Aconitum napinus
- Aconitum nipponicum
- Aconitum rotundifolium 圓葉烏頭
- Aconitum variegatum ssp. variegatum
- Aconitum volubile 蔓烏頭
