特徵描述
作者
YANG, YUEN-PO and LU, SHENG-YOU
型態特徵
Fleshy herbs parasitic on roots and stems of various host plants, without chlorophyll, with or without scale-like leaves; stems short or nearly absent. Flowers often large, usually solitary and terminal (rarely in a terminal raceme), bisexual or unisexual, actinomorphic; perianth (perigone) fleshy, cylindric or campanulate, with 4 to 10 imbricate or very rarely valvate segments, the central column, if present, composed of fused filaments and style; stamens 8 to many, anthers sessile, numerous, 2-celled, free or connate, opening lengthwise by slits or by terminal pores; pollen often viscous; ovary inferior or superior, 1-celled; ovules numerous, placenta parietal. Fruit fleshy, indehiscent or dehis-cing irregularly; seeds numerous, outer coat reticulate; embryo minute.
屬
Rare plants, nine genera with about 55 species, mainly in tropical and temperate regions of the world. One genus in Taiwan.
參考文獻
Mitrastemon 奴草屬
作者
YANG, YUEN-PO and LU, SHENG-YOU
型態特徵
Small glabrous herbs, parasitic on the roots of fagaceous plants, with thickened scabrous short, globose volva. Stems erect, short, unbranched, fleshy. Leaves modified to concave, decussately opposite, ovate scales, apex obtuse, entire, upper ones slightly larger. Flowers solitary, terminal, regular, hermaphroditic; perianth (perigone) short-tubular, fleshy, margins truncate; stamens numerous, completely connate into a cylindric cap, anthers gathered in a belt-like broad ring, the cells minute, numerous, closely arranged, extrorse, dehiscing by pores, at first covered by a thin membrane then irregularly bursting; filament tube membranous, elongate, longitudinally striate; connectives connate and forming a depressed cone over the stigma, with a minute closed orifice at top, the whole cap removed following filament tube dehisced vertically on one side; ovary superior, ovoid-globose, 1-locular, with 8-10 lamellose parietal placentas, style solitary, short and thick, stigma thick, depressed-conical, obscurely bilobed at apex; ovules numerous, minute. Pollination entomophilous or ornithophilous. Fruit berry-like; seeds numerous, minute, testa hard, reticulate.
