Polygonaceae
蓼科
特徵描述
作者
LIU, HO-YIH
型態特徵
Annual or perennial herbs, shrubs, trees or climbing lianas; stems often swollen at the nodes. Leaves mostly alternate; stipules often connate into a tubular sheath called an ocrea. Flowers hermaphroditic or unisexual, regular, pedicellate, articulate to the pedicel, often with stipitate base above the articulation; perianth segments (2-)5- or 6-merous, in two whorls, basally connate into a floral tube, persistent and often enlarged in fruit. Stamens usually 6–9, perigynous, in 2 whorls. Carpels mostly 3; ovary superior, unilocular; styles 1–4; ovule single, basal or free-central. Fruit an achene or a small nut, often subtended by the accrescent perianth.
屬
About 30 to 43 genera with more than 1,100 species worldwide. Three genera, with 45 species and varieties in Taiwan. Several genera, including Antigonon, Coccoloba, Fagopyrum, Muehlenbeckia, and Rheum, are in cultivation.
參考文獻
Polygonum 蓼屬
作者
KUO, CHI-FAN, LIU, HO-YIH and YANG, YUEN-PO
型態特徵
Annual or perennial herbs; stems erect to climbing. Leaves alternate, simple, sessile to petiolate; stipules connate into ocreae. Inflorescences usually spike- or head-like panicles with terminal or axillary flower fascicles, simple or branched, loosely to densely flowered; flower fascicles bracteate. Flowers small, one to several in a fascicle, pedicellate, bracteolate; perianth segments 4–6, basally connate into floral tube, greenish-white, pink, or red, frequently persistent in fruit; stamens 5–8; styles 2- or 3-cleft, nectaries often present. Achenes brown to black, lenticular to trigonous.
About 300 species, widely distributed in the cold and warm regions of the world, especially abundant in the northern hemisphere; 38 taxa and one doubtful species in Taiwan.
參考文獻
- LIU, HO-YIH. 1996. Flora of Taiwan, second edition 2: 295. (Fl. Taiwan 2nd edit.)
- Park, C. W. 1988. Memoirs of the New York Botanical Garden 47: 1-82. (Mem. N. Y. Bot. Gard.)
- Li, A. R., A. E. Grabovskaya-Borodina, S. P. Hong, J. McNeill, H. Ohba and C. W. Park. 2003. Flora of China Family 5: 278-315. (Fl. China)
- Steward, A. N. 1930. Contrib. Gray Herb. 5(88): 1-129.
種列表
- Polygonum acre
- Polygonum aequale
- Polygonum amphibium 兩棲蓼
- Polygonum amphibium var. aqualicum
- Polygonum amphibium var. glaudulosum
- Polygonum arifolium
- Polygonum articulatum
- Polygonum aubertii
- Polygonum auriculatum
- Polygonum aviculare 扁蓄
- Polygonum barbatum var. gracilis 細刺毛蓼
- Polygonum bistorta
- Polygonum blumei
- Polygonum breviochreatum
- Polygonum capitatum 頭花蓼
- Polygonum coeruleo-viridum
- Polygonum convolvulus
- Polygonum debile
- Polygonum douglasii
- Polygonum dumetorum
- Polygonum filicaule 高山蓼
- Polygonum filiforme
- Polygonum flaccidum
- Polygonum glandulosum
- Polygonum heterophyllum
- Polygonum hydropiper var. laetevirens
- Polygonum japonicum var. conspicuum
- Polygonum jucundum
- Polygonum lanatum 白苦柱
- Polygonum lanigerum
- Polygonum lapathifolium 早苗蓼
- Polygonum maritimum
- Polygonum minus subsp. procerum
- Polygonum mite
- Polygonum monspeliense
- Polygonum muhlenbergii
- Polygonum multiflorum
- Polygonum multiflorum var. hypoleucum 台灣何首烏
- Polygonum nipponicum
- Polygonum nodosum
- Polygonum nodosum var. incanum
- Polygonum ooagariense
- Polygonum paleaceum 草血竭
- Polygonum pedunculare
- Polygonum pensylvanicum
- Polygonum pilushanense 畢祿山蓼
- Polygonum plebeium 假扁蓄
- Polygonum polymorphum var. udulatum
- Polygonum provinciale
- Polygonum punctatum
- Polygonum raii
- Polygonum ramosissimum
- Polygonum ramosum
- Polygonum reynoutria
- Polygonum runcinatum 散血丹
- Polygonum sachalinense
- Polygonum scandens
- Polygonum sp.
- Polygonum thunbergii var. typicum
- Polygonum tomentosum
- Polygonum trigonocarpum 細葉蓼
- Polygonum virginatum var. filiforme 金線草
- Polygonum virginianum
- Polygonum viscoferum 粘蓼
- Polygonum viscosum 香蓼
- Polygonum viviparum 珠芽蓼
- Polygonum weyrichii
- Polygonum yokusaianum
