Phyllanthaceae
葉下珠科
特徵描述
[ Euphorbiaceae 大戟科 ]
作者
HSIEH, CHANG-FU, CHAW, SHU-MIAW and WANG, JENN-CHE
型態特徵
Herbs, shrubs, or trees, often with milky juice, sometimes fleshy and cactus-like. Leaves alternate or rarely opposite, simple or variously compound, mostly stipulate. Flowers monoecious or sometimes dioecious, mostly actinomorphic, variously disposed, with or without perianth, sometimes with a corolla; perianth valvate or imbricate; sepals and petals usually distinct; disc often present, annular or of separate glands. Staminate flowers variable, with stamens usually as many or twice as many as the petals or reduced to one, distinct or mona-delphous; anthers mostly 2-celled. Pistillate flowers with or without staminodes, often pedicellate; ovary superior, consisting of 3 or sometimes 2, or more than 3, united, 1-celled or rarely 2-celled carpels; styles 3, distinct or basally connate, each often 2-lobed; stigmas 3 or 6; placentation axile; ovules one or less commonly 2, pendulous. Fruit usually a schizocarpous capsule splitting often elastically into three 1-seeded cocci that dehisce ventrally, sometimes a drupe; seeds often with a conspicuous caruncle; endosperm mostly copious, fleshy; embryo straight.
屬
A very large family containing about 300 genera and 8,000 species, mostly tropical and subtropical; 27 genera in Taiwan.
參考文獻
Flueggea 白飯樹屬
作者
HSIEH, CHANG-FU, CHAW, SHU-MIAW and WANG, JENN-CHE
型態特徵
Dioecious(less often monoecious) shrubs or trees; foliage branch mostly deciduous. Leaves simple, alternate(spiral or distichous), entire; petiole short; stipulate. Flowers solitary or fasciculate in axillary. Staminate flowers: sepals 4–7, imbricate, entire to denticulate on margins; stamens 4–7, filaments free, anthers extrorse, dehiscing longitudinally, pollen grains 3-colporate; pistillode present, usually 2- or 3-branched; discs of 4–7 segments; pedicel slender and elongated. Pistillate flower: sepals 4–7, imbricate, entire to denticulate; styles 3, free, spreading and bifid, the stigma sometimes dilated; ovary of 3 carpels; ovules 2 per locule; disc annular; pedicel terete or angled. Fruits capsular and dehiscent into 3 cocci or indehiscent and more or less baccate, columella persistent. Seeds trigonous, testa thin, smooth to reticulate to verruculose, sometimes ventrally invaginated at hilum.
About 15 species in temperate and warmer regions. Two species in Taiwan.
