Calanthe 根節蘭屬
型態特徵
Terrestrial perennial herbs. Rhizomes distinct or obscure. Pseudobulbs small, globose to clavate, usually covered by base of leaves, rarely large and conspicuous. Leaves arising from pseudobulbs, usually broad, rarely linear, thin and plicate, base narrowed into a long or short petiole or sheath. Inflorescence a raceme, arising from leaf axils or from base of pseudobulb, densely or loosely flowered; bracts small and persistent or large and deciduous. Flowers with wide spreading or connivent sepals and petals; sepals subequal, spreading or connivent; petals broad or narrow; lip short clawed, base connate with column and forming a tube, or rarely free and adnate to base of column, spurred or spurless, limb usually 3-lobed, rarely unlobed, disc often ridged or with callose protuberances at base; column short or long, obliquely truncate, joined to base of lip for varying length or rarely free from lip; anther terminal, incumbent, conical or cap like, usually cordate in outline, 2-celled; pollinia 8, clavate, waxy, connected by caudicles into 2 groups and attached to a viscidium; stigma on ventral side of column or rarely terminal, receptive surface solitary or 2-parted; rostellum short to long or rarely absent, entire or shallowly to deeply bilobed. Capsules oblong, often pendulous.
More than 150 species, widely distributed from tropical Africa and Madagascar to tropical and subtropical Asia, China, Japan, southward through Malaysia and Indonesia to the Pacific islands and Australia. Species in Taiwan, 19.
參考文獻
- SU, Horng-Jye, Flora of Taiwan, second edition 5: 776. 2000. (Fl. Taiwan 2nd edit.)
- Su, H. J., Quarterly journal (Bulletin) of the experimental forest of National Taiwan University 4(2): 143-160. 1990. (Quart. J. Exp. For. Natl. Taiwan Univ.)
種列表
- Calanthe albo-longiearata
- Calanthe alismifolia 細點根節蘭
- Calanthe alpina 羽唇根節蘭
- Calanthe amamiana
- Calanthe arcuata var. caudatilabella 尾唇根節蘭
- Calanthe arisanensis 阿里山根節蘭
- Calanthe aristulifera 翹距根節蘭
- Calanthe brevicolumna 短柱根節蘭
- Calanthe davidii 長葉根節蘭
- Calanthe discolor var. kanashiroi
- Calanthe elata
- Calanthe graciliflora 纖花根節蘭
- Calanthe kinabaluensis 黃蹺距根節蘭
- Calanthe lekooensis
- Calanthe masuca 長距根節蘭
- Calanthe puberula 反捲根節蘭
- Calanthe sp.
- Calanthe striata 黃根節蘭
- Calanthe tricarinata 綉邊根節蘭
- Calanthe triplicata 白鶴蘭
- Calanthe veratrifolia
- Calanthe × dominyi 長距白鶴蘭
- Calanthe × hsinchuensis 新竹根節蘭
