Epilobium 柳葉菜屬
型態特徵
Perennial herbs, often flowering the first year, or sometimes annual (not in Taiwan) or woody, perennating by leafy rosettes, stolons, soboles, turions, axillary buds, or spreading lateral roots (the latter two modes not in Taiwan). Stems erect, ascending, or decumbent, glabrous to densely pubescent and/or glandular, often with raised lines of hairs decurrent from the margins of the petioles. Leaves sessile to petiolate, generally opposite below (rarely whorled) to alternate on inflorescence, subentire to denticulate; stipules absent. Flowers in loose bracted racemes (or panicles), 4-merous, generally actinomorphic, rose-purple or white (elsewhere rarely red-orange or cream); floral tube present; sepals 4, erect; petals 4, generally apically notched; stamens 8; pollen shed in tetrads (or monads, not in Taiwan); stigma entire (clavate to capitate) to 4-lobed. Fruit an elongate, slender, 4-loculate, subterete capsule, readily dehiscent. Seeds generally in 1 row per chamber, mostly narrowly obovoid, each with a coma (absent in a few non-Taiwanese taxa). 2n=24, 26, 30, 32, 36, 60, 72, 108; all species counted in Taiwan have 2n=36.
A genus of some 170 species widely distributed in cool temperate and montane regions worldwide, with most smaller sections restricted to the New World. Most species (ca. 150), including all seven Taiwanese species, are placed in sect. Epilobium. Four of the seven Taiwanese taxa are endemic to the island while the other three have much broader ranges in Asia. Hybridization between species of Epilobium has been documented in other parts of the world. When present, the perennating features at the base of a plant may provide useful information in the identification of that plant to species.
參考文獻
- RAVEN, PETER H. and PENG, CHING-I, Flora of Taiwan, second edition 3: 937. 1993. (Fl. Taiwan 2nd edit.)
- Chen, C. J., Hoch, P. C. & Raven, P. H., Systematic Botany Monographs 34: 1-209. 1992. (Syst. Bot. Monogr.)
種列表
- Epilobium adenocaulon
- Epilobium alsinifolium
- Epilobium amurense 黑龍江柳葉菜
- Epilobium angustifolium 柳蘭
- Epilobium brevifolium ssp. trichoneurum 短葉柳葉菜
- Epilobium collinum
- Epilobium coloratum
- Epilobium fleischeri
- Epilobium glandulosum
- Epilobium hirsutum 柳葉菜
- Epilobium hohuanense 合歡柳葉菜
- Epilobium holosericeum
- Epilobium montanum
- Epilobium nankotaizanense 南湖柳葉菜
- Epilobium nutans
- Epilobium obscurum
- Epilobium palustre 沼生柳葉菜
- Epilobium parviflorum 小花柳葉菜
- Epilobium pengii 彭氏柳葉菜
- Epilobium platystigmatosum 闊柱柳葉菜
- Epilobium pyrricholophum 長籽柳葉菜
- Epilobium roseum 長柄柳葉菜
- Epilobium rubescens
- Epilobium sp.
- Epilobium spicatum
- Epilobium taiwanianum 台灣柳葉菜
