特徵描述
作者
LIAO, JIH-CHING
型態特徵
Monoecious or dioecious, herbs, shrubs, trees or vines, sometimes spiny, often with milky juice. Leaves alternate or rarely opposite, simple, entire, serrate or lobed, stipulate. Flowers small, apetalous, regular, usually in spikes, racemes, hypanthodia or ceusters; receptacles fleshy, globose or ovoid; male flowers with calyx 2–6-fid or -partite; stamens as many as calyx-lobes and opposite them, rarely 1–3 or 6, inserted at base of calyx, filaments in bud straight or incurved, anthers 2-celled, introrse, longitudi-nally dehiscent. Female flowers with calyx 2–4-fid or -partite, lobes imbricate; ovary superior or inferior, straight or oblique, 1–2-celled, with 1–2 pendulous ovules in each cell, styles terminal or subterminal, stigma simple, filiform or 2-partite. Fruit an achene or drupe, often united into a syncarp, namely assembling on a fleshy axis of inflorescence into an aggregate or multiple fruit; embryo straight or often curved; cotyledons thick, flat or folded, often unequal.
屬
About 40 genera and over 1,000 species; widely distributed, especially in the tropical and subtropical regions. Eight genera, 31 species, 15 varieties with two forms in Taiwan; of the genera six are woody.
參考文獻
- LIAO, JIH-CHING, Flora of Taiwan, second edition 2: 136. 1996. (Fl. Taiwan 2nd edit.)
- Zhou, Z. and G. G. Michael, Flora of China Family 5: 21-73. 2003. (Fl. China)
Artocarpus 麵包樹屬
作者
LIAO, JIH-CHING
型態特徵
Evergreen monoecious trees with milky juice. Leaves alternate, coriaceous, entire or pinnately lobed, penninerved; stipules various, early caducous. Flowers unisexual, sessile, small, densely crowded on a fleshy rachis, rachis solitary, axillary; male flowers in spikes; calyx 2–4-lobed or -partite, the lobes obtuse, concave, valvate or slightly imbricate; stamen 1, filament erect in bud, pistillode 0. Female flowers in a dense globose or oblong inflorescence, often mixed with peltate bracts; calyx tubular, connate and confluent below with receptacle, with a small orifice or mouth at apex; ovary straight, included, style central or lateral, stigma entire, rarely 2–3-fid; ovules pendulous from apex of ovary. Aggregate fruit 2–20 cm long, fleshy, oblong, cylindric, globose, or lobed, formed by enlarged fleshy connate calyces and carpels bearing hardened tips. Achenes deeply sunk in the fleshy axis of inflorescence; seeds without endosperm; embryo straight or incurved; cotyledons fleshy.
