作者

HUANG, SHING-FAN and HUANG, TSENG-CHIENG

型態特徵

Climbing or twining, rarely erect, woody or suffruticose, dioecious plants. Leaves alternate, usually palmately veined and often lobed; stipules absent. Flowers small, usually in axillary racemes, sometimes panicles, solitary cymes or discoid heads, regular or rarely slightly irregular, 3-bracteolate; sepals usually 6, in 2 whorls, imbricate, outer whorl often smaller; petals 6, usually smaller than sepals, sometimes wanting, free or connate. Male flowers: stamens 3-12, free or connate, 2-celled; rudimentary carpels small or absent. Female flowers: staminodes 6 or absent; carpels usually 3, rarely 1 or 6 or more, free, sessile or stipitate; style terminal, simple or divided; ovule solitary, usually amphitropous. Ripe carpels drupaceous, usually strongly curved, stipitate or sessile, endocarp usually sculptured, bony or chartaceous. Seeds usually hook-shaped or reniform, often curved; endosperm smooth or ruminate or absent; embryo usually curved, cotyledons flat or semiterete.

屬

About 63 genera and over 200 species, chiefly in the tropics; six genera in Taiwan.

參考文獻

• HUANG, SHING-FAN and HUANG, TSENG-CHIENG, Flora of Taiwan, second edition 2: 591. 1996.  (Fl. Taiwan 2nd edit.)
• Yamamoto, Y., Transactions of the Natural History Society of Formosa 34: 1-34. 1944.  (Trans. Nat. Hist. Soc. Formos.)