作者

KENG, HSUAN

型態特徵

Trees or shrubs. Leaves simple, alternate, mostly entire; stipules hood-like, enclosing and protecting the terminal bud, falling after expansion of the leaf blades and leaving annual scars on the branches. Flowers terminal or axillary, mostly large and bisexual. Perianth lobes (tepals) 6 or more, spirally arranged in whorls of 3. Stamens numerous, hypogynous, free; anthers linear, 4- or seemingly 2-locular, basifixed, dehiscing introrsely or latrorsely, rarely extrorsely (in Liriodendron); filaments terete or flattened. Carpels mostly numerous, spirally arranged, free or sometimes partially connate; gynophore often present; ovules 2 or more in each carpel, attached along the inside of the ventral suture, the upper, outer part of the ventral suture developing into a stigmatic surface, often terminally elongated into a long or short style. Fruiting carpels mostly follicular, dry and dehiscent, rarely succulent or indehiscent. Seeds 1 or many in a fruiting carpel; testa thin and crustaceous or externally arilloid; endosperm copious; embryo minute.

屬

Seven genera and about 200 species (cf. H. P. Nooteboom, Magnoliaceae, in K. Kubitzki, The Families and Genera of Vascular Plants 2: 391, 1993), in temperate and tropical parts of E. Asia, S. E. North America and southward through the West Indies, Central America and N. E. South America. Two genera, Magnolia and Michelia, with one species each, are native to Taiwan; many other species of these two genera from continental Asia and elsewhere and the American tulip tree (Liriodendron tulipifera L.) from North America are cultivated in Taiwan (for details, see J. C. Liao in Mem. Coll. Agr. Nat. Taiwan Univ. 13(2): 81-104. 1972).

參考文獻