特徵描述
作者
YING, Shao-Shun
型態特徵
Annual, biennal or perennial herbs; sometimes subshrubs or even shrubs, very rarely climbing; usually with a subterranean bulb, tuber, corm or rhizome, sometimes producing superterranean bulbils or rooting buds; stem present or absent; often erect or nearly so. Leaves simple, alternate or rarely verticillate to subopposite, membranaceous to chartaceous, or coriaceous or fleshy, some reduced to scales. Flowers mostly bisexual, rarely unisexual; actinomorphic to slightly zygomorphic, solitary, or in racemes, spikes panicles, umbels or subumbels; tepals mostly 6, rarely 4 or 8, free or connate at base and forming a tube, equal or more or less unequal. Stamens 6, rarely to 12 or fewer, hypogynous or adnate to and always opposite tepals; filaments free or variously connate; anthers 2-celled, oblong to linear, opening by a lengthwise slit or rarely by a terminal pore. Ovary usually superior, rarely half inferior, mostly 3-celled, rarely 1-celled or 4-celled; ovules numerous in each cell, biseriate, rarely 2, placentas parietal; style mostly 1, entire or more or less 3-fid. Fruit a berry or capsule; capsules loculicidal or septicidal; seeds solitary to numerous, endosperm abundant, fleshy or cartilaginous; embryo straight or curved.
屬
About 300 genera and more than 4,000 species worldwide, but abundant in temperate regions of both hemispheres; 21 genera in Taiwan.
參考文獻
Paris 重樓屬
作者
YING, Shao-Shun
型態特徵
Perennial herbs; rhizome tuberous or corm-like, fleshy; roots short or elongate; stem erect, simple, glabrous, green, with sheathing bracts. Leaves 4-15, terminal but appearing medial on stem, oblong to lanceolate, sessile to petiolate, distinct main nerves 1 or 3, veinlets anastomosing. Flower solitary, terminal; pedicel erect to ascending, green, glabrous; bracts usually absent; tepals various in color, often yellow or green, 4-10 in two series, outer tepals ovate to lanceolate, inner tepals linear, filiform or absent; stamens 8-20, filaments slender, flat; anthers linear, opening lengthwise; ovary globose to multiangular, purple to green, carpels 4-10, placentas parietal; styles same as outer perianth segments in number, linear or nearly so. Fruit a capsule or berry; seeds several to many, globose to ovoid, usually red at maturity.
