特徵描述
作者
YING, Shao-Shun
型態特徵
Annual, biennal or perennial herbs; sometimes subshrubs or even shrubs, very rarely climbing; usually with a subterranean bulb, tuber, corm or rhizome, sometimes producing superterranean bulbils or rooting buds; stem present or absent; often erect or nearly so. Leaves simple, alternate or rarely verticillate to subopposite, membranaceous to chartaceous, or coriaceous or fleshy, some reduced to scales. Flowers mostly bisexual, rarely unisexual; actinomorphic to slightly zygomorphic, solitary, or in racemes, spikes panicles, umbels or subumbels; tepals mostly 6, rarely 4 or 8, free or connate at base and forming a tube, equal or more or less unequal. Stamens 6, rarely to 12 or fewer, hypogynous or adnate to and always opposite tepals; filaments free or variously connate; anthers 2-celled, oblong to linear, opening by a lengthwise slit or rarely by a terminal pore. Ovary usually superior, rarely half inferior, mostly 3-celled, rarely 1-celled or 4-celled; ovules numerous in each cell, biseriate, rarely 2, placentas parietal; style mostly 1, entire or more or less 3-fid. Fruit a berry or capsule; capsules loculicidal or septicidal; seeds solitary to numerous, endosperm abundant, fleshy or cartilaginous; embryo straight or curved.
屬
About 300 genera and more than 4,000 species worldwide, but abundant in temperate regions of both hemispheres; 21 genera in Taiwan.
參考文獻
Lilium 百合屬
作者
YING, Shao-Shun
型態特徵
Perennial herbs; from a bulb; bulb scales numerous, imbricate, sometimes spotted; stem erect or ascending, simple or branched upward; smooth or pubescent, green or tinged purplish or red, leafy. Leaves variable, linear, lanceolate to ovate-cordate, alternate to verticillate, sessile, sometimes with bulbils in leaf axils. Flowers showy, white, red, orange red or purplish red, spotted or not, fragrant or not, solitary to several, terminal or in upper leaf axiles, bracteate; perianth funnel shaped or spreading; tube with or without a tepals, free or connate, variably shaped, nectar glands inside near base; stamens 6, prominent, filaments slender, anthers oblong, versatile, opening lengthwise; ovary superior, sessile, 3-celled, ovules many in each cell; style slender, elongate; stigma capitate to 3-lobed. Fruit a capsule, loculicidal, 3-valved; seeds numerous, winged, flat. Basic chromosome number X=12.
