特徵描述
作者
HUANG, Tseng-Chieng, HSIEH, Tsung-Hsin and CHENG, Wu-Tsang
型態特徵
Herbs or subshrubs, annual or perennial, usually aromatic. Stems and branches usually quadrangular. Leaves opposite, rarely whorled or alternate, simple, trifoliolate, pinnatifid or pinnate, without stipules. Inflorescences in dichasial, scorpioid, corymbose scorpioid, verticillate, or corymbose or racemose cymes or thyrses, terminal or axillary. Flowers bisexual, irregular, rarely regular. Calyx persistent, campanulate, tubular or urceolate, 5-toothed or rarely 10-toothed, 2-lipped or regular; tube sometimes hairy annulate inside. Corolla sympetalous, tubular, often bilabiate, 4- or 5-lobed, upper lip entire, bifid or deeply lobed, lower lip 3-lobed, central lobe large; stamens 2 or 4, borne on the corolla-tube or throat, filaments flattened, glabrous or hairy, anthers 2- or 1-celled, parallel or divergent, dehiscing lengthwise; ovary superior, 2-carpellate, each carpel deeply 2-lobed; style solitary, mostly unequally bifid; stigma minute; ovules 4, erect. Fruits usually 4 nutlets, enclosed in persistent calyx.
屬
About 220 genera and 3,500 species distributed worldwide, mainly in the Mediterranean region and SW Asia; 36 genera and 73 species in Taiwan.
參考文獻
- HUANG, Tseng-Chieng, HSIEH, Tsung-Hsin and CHENG, Wu-Tsang, Flora of Taiwan, second edition 4: 432. 1998. (Fl. Taiwan 2nd edit.)
- Wu, C. Y. and H. W. Li., Flora Reipublicae Popularis Sinicae 65(2): 124-248. 1977. (Fl. Reip. Pop. Sin.)
- Murata, J. and T. Yamazaki., Flora of Japan 3: 272-321. 1993. (Fl. Jap.)
- Hsieh, T. H. and T. C. Huang., Taiwania 43(1): 38-58. 1998.
- Huang, T. C., SMC Pulb. Inc. Taipei 365-378. 1997.
Scutellaria 黃芩屬
作者
HUANG, Tseng-Chieng, HSIEH, Tsung-Hsin and CHENG, Wu-Tsang
型態特徵
Herbs, glabrous or covered with septate hairs; stem erect or sometimes procumbent at base, often tufted, square, glabrous or puberulent, sometimes glandular hairy. Leaves sessile or petiolate; petioles puberulent or glandular hairy; blades narrowly ovate to ovate, base obtuse, truncate or cordate, apex obtuse or rounded, margins remotely serrate, both surfaces glabrous or puberulent. Flowers in verticels, forming spikes or racemes; foliaceous bracts narrowly ovate to ovate, glabrous, puberulent, glandular hairy or glandular dotted beneath. Flowers pedicellate; pedicels puberulent, sometimes glandular-hairy; calyx tubular, slightly bilabiate, glandular hairy or puberulent, with a scutellum in the front; corolla tubular, minutely hairy, sometimes glandular hairy, bilabiate, upper lip very broadly ovate, emarginate, lower lip 2-lobed; stamens 4, didynamous, inserted on corolla tube, upper pair with 2-celled anthers, lower pair with 1-celled anthers; anthers minutely hairy. Nutlets orbicular, muricate.
