特徵描述
作者
YING, Shao-Shun
型態特徵
Perennial herbs, with subterranean rhizomes, tubers or bulbs; with or without arial stems; stems often herbaceous. Leaves often crowded at base of stem, or radical, often conspicuously distichous or equitant, lanceolate to linear, flattened, sheathing at base. Flowers bisexual, actinomorphic, with a straight perianth tube, or tube curved with an oblong limb, or completely zygomorphic, usually showy mottled or spotted; sheathing bracts sometimes present, either solitary on stem or combined into a simple or branched inflorescence; tepals petaloid, withering, sometimes persistent; segments or lobes 6, biseriate, subequal and similar, or the two series different in size, shape and texture; when limb oblique then the dorsal lobe often larger and sometimes hood-like; stamens 3, filaments free or connate into a tube or ring; anthers 2-locular, basifixed or affixed in a more or less deep basal incision; ovary inferior, very rarely superior, 3-locular and placentas axile or l-locular and 3 parietal placentas; style slender, 3-lobed, branches subulate, entire or deeply lobed, sometimes winged and petaloid, stigmatose at apex or within; ovules numerous, rarely few or 1, anatropous. Fruit a capsule, loculicid or dehiscent by apical pores; seeds numerous, globose, angular or flat; albumen copious, enclosing the small embryo.
屬
About 60 genera with 800 or more species, widely distributed worldwide, especially abundant in South Africa. Two native and one naturalized genus in Taiwan.
參考文獻
Sisyrinchium 庭菖蒲屬
作者
YING, Shao-Shun
型態特徵
Perennial herbs, somewhat grass-like; roots fibrous, very rarely with a short often tuberous rhizome. Leaves basal, linear, ensiform, or terete, mostly narrow; scape simple or branched, terminal; sheath from axils of leaf-like bracts; flowers delicate and fugacious, in umbel-like clusters, from a 2-valved spathe, violet, blue or white, sometimes with a distinct yellow or greenish yellow eye; perianth segments basally shortly connate, subequal, oblong or obovate; stamens inserted at base of perianth; filaments usually basally connate into a tube surrounding the style or its base, rarely free; anthers mostly erect; ovary globose to ellipsoid, 3-celled; ovules numerous in each cell; style filiform, either short dentate or distinctly 3-fid, branches simple, shallowly lacerate. Capsules globose to obovoid, loculicidal dehiscent; seeds black, globose, more or less pitted.
