Phyllostachys 孟宗竹屬
型態特徵
Rhizomes of leptomorph type. Culms smooth; nodes prominent with a glaucous ring at base; internodes rather short, flattened or grooved on one side; branches usually 2 at each node, rebranched. Sheath of culm deciduous, papery to subcoriaceous, spotted outside; auricles of sheath conspicuous or inconspicuous; ligule of sheath narrow; blade of sheaths subulate to linear-lanceolate. Leaves flat, jointed on sheath, veins tessellate; petiole short; auricles of leaf conspicuous when young, caducous when old; ligule of leaf very conspicuous, convex. Inflorescence consisting of spicate branchlets arranged in a leafy or leafless terminal panicle; spikelets 2-3, alternate, 1-4-flowered, lateral ones with an outer bract at base; glumes 1 to 3, many-veined, usually unequal; lemmas ovate-lanceolate, many-veined; paleas usually 2-keeled, bilobed at apex, ovary rounded, glabrous; style long, divided above into 2-3 long feathery stigmas; stamens 3, filaments filiform, anthers linear; rachilla short, often pubescent. Fruit linear-lanceolate, grooved abaxially, style very long, persistent at apex.
About 58 species in eastern Asia. Japan and China, extending westward to Himalaya and the hills of Assam; seven species and one cultivar in Taiwan.
