Erianthus 蔗茅屬
型態特徵
Perennials; culms tufted, solid; root-primodia present at base of nearly all internodes or only of basal ones, always in 1-row. Ligule well-developed, collar not much developed; blades linear, flat, with a dense group of long, soft hairs behind ligule, these often extending upwards for some distance along midnerve. Inflorescence an open panicle, branched on all sides. Spikelets in pairs, one sessile, other pedicelate, dorsally compressed, awned or muticous, base hairy, basal hairs shorter than spikelet. Pedicelate spikelets articulate with pedicel, falling off entirely. Sessile spikelets falling with adjacent rachis-internode and pedicel of other spikelet; glumes ca. as long as spikelet, acute, membranaceous, long-hairy at least in pedicellate spikelets, lower glume flat or slightly convex, margins incurved, 2-5-nerved; upper glume boat shaped, 3-nerved; lateral nerves often obscure; lower lemma slightly shorter, acute, thinly membranaceous, 1-nerved; lower palea absent; upper lemma convex, apex 2-toothed or entire, slightly shorter than upper glume; l-nerved, with long or short awn or muticuous; upper palea shorter, nerveless; lodicules 2, small, cuneate, apex emarginate, glabrous; stamens 3, anthers linear; ovary glabrous, styles 2, free, stigmas plumose, exserted laterally. Caryopsis oblong or linear-oblong, with a convex back and flat ventral side; embryo half as long as caryopsis.
About 28 species in tropical America, Southeastern Europe to Eastern Asia, the Indo-Malaysia and Polynesia, species in the Sahara, one in Madagascar; two species and one variety in Taiwan.
