Bothriochloa 孔穎草屬
型態特徵
Perennials; culms solid, tufted, without stolons. Leaf blade with inrolled margins when in bud; sheath of leaf keeled or rounded abaxially, with tubercle-based hairs, especially on nodes and often at mouth; ligule short, truncate, ciliate or glabrous; blades linear, glabrous or sparingly hairy, margins revolute when dry. Inflorescence of spike-like racemes with articulate rachis, central axis branched, racemes digitately or racemosely arranged, or combined into panicles. Spikelets in alternate pairs, one pedicelate, other sessile; spikelets dorsiventrally arranged, uppermost pair forming a triad with terminal spikelet; rachis of racemes and also pedicels with translucent longitudinal groove, hairy throughout, or partly so along edges; spikelets lanceolate, dorsally compressed, often with 1 or more depressions or pits, aromatic. Sessile spikelet with fascicle of hairs at base, falling together with adjacent joint of rachis and pedicel; glume herbaceous, lower glume as long as spikelet, smooth or with 1 or more depressions and/or pits, 7-11-nerved; upper glume equally long or somewhat shorter, boat shaped, keeled, hyaline, 3-nerved; lemmas and paleas thin; lower lemma shorter than lower glume, nerveless; lower palea absent; upper lemma of geniculate awn with hyaline stipe-like base; upper palea small or absent; lodicules 2; stamens 3; ovary glabrous, styles 2, stigmas plumose, exserted laterally. Caryopsis oblong, obtuse, dorsally compressed, side of hilum flat, side of embryo convex; embryo usually half as long as caryopsis. Pedicelate spikelet resembling sessile spikelet, but muticous and staminate or neuter, often without pits; upper lemma and palea absent; stamens 3-0.
About 20 species in warm regions worldwide; three species and one variety are in Taiwan.
