特徵描述
作者
LI, Zhen-Yu and KAO, Muh-Tsuen
型態特徵
Herbs, shrubs, rarely trees. Leaves opposite, alternate, verticillate or in rosettes, exstipulate. Inflorescences usually cymes, rarely racemes, axillary or pseudoterminal. Flowers perfect, zygomorphic, seldom actinomorphic. Calyx (4-)5-divided. Corolla gamopetalous, usually 2-lipped. Stamens 2–5; anthers free or coherent, thecae 2, parallel, divergent or divaricate; staminodes 1–3 or absent. Disc ringlike to cup-shaped, rarely absent. Ovary superior (all native taxa in Taiwan) to inferior, 1-loculed, placentation parietal, rarely 2-loculed and placentation axile; ovules numerous, anatropous; style 1, terminal; stigmas 1 or 2. Fruit usually a capsule, loculicidally, septicidally, or circumscissilely dehiscent, rarely a berry. Seeds numerous, fusiform to ellipsoid or ovoid, minute, sometimes with appendages at one or both ends, with or without endosperm, embryo straight.
屬
About 142 genera and 3000 species, distributed in tropical and southern Africa, Central and South America, east and south Asia, southern Europe and Oceania; twelve genera with thirteen species in Taiwan
參考文獻
- LI, Zhen-Yu and KAO, Muh-Tsuen, Flora of Taiwan, second edition 4: 688. 1998. (Fl. Taiwan 2nd edit.)
- Kao, M. T. & DeVol, C. E., Taiwania 17: 142-169. 1972.
- Wang, W. T., Pan, K. Y. & Li, Z. Y., Flora Reipublicae Popularis Sinicae 69: 125-581. 1990. (Fl. Reip. Pop. Sin.)
- Wang, W. T., Pan, K.Y.& Li, Z. Y., Edinburgh Journal of Botany 49: 5-74. 1992. (Edinburgh J. Bot.)
Aeschynanthus 長果藤屬
作者
LI, Zhen-Yu and KAO, Muh-Tsuen
型態特徵
Shrubs or climbers, epiphytic or epipetric. Stems branched or unbranched. Leaves usually many, opposite, sometimes whorled, equal to subequal in a pair. Cymes axillary or pseudoterminal; bracts 2, opposite. Flowers zygomorphic. Calyx actinomorphic; free to base or 5-lobed. Corolla red to orange, seldom greenish, yellow, or white, sparsely puberulous inside, glabrous, or with a ring of hairs, tube narrowly tubular to funnelform-tubular, often curved, much longer than limb; limb indistinctly or distinctly 2-lipped, upper lip 2-lobed; lower lip 3-lobed, lobes equal or subequal, apex rounded to acute. Stamens 4, adnate to near or above middle of corolla tube, usually exserted; anthers basifixed, usually coherent in pairs at apex, thecae parallel, not confluent, dehiscing longitudinally, connective not projecting; staminode 1, adnate to adaxial side of corolla tube, or absent. Disc ring-like. Ovary linear, 1-loculed, placentas 2, parietal, projecting inward, 2-cleft; stigma terminal, capitate to depressed globose. Capsule linear, dehiscing to base, valves 2 or 4, not twisted. Hilar end of seed with 1 (or 2 or more) hairlike appendages, opposite end with 1 hair-like appendage, seldom with 1 linear appendage at each end.
