特徵描述
作者
WANG, Jenn-Che, CHEN, Chih-Hsiung, LU, Chang-Tze and CHEN, Ya-Chi
型態特徵
Herbs, annual, biennial or perennial. Stems ascending, erect or twining. Leaves opposite, less often whorled, simple; stipules absent. Inflorescences simple or complex Cymess, often a thyrse, sometimes 1-flowered. Flowers bisexual, rarely plants polygamous, 4- or 5-merous. Calyx tubular. Corolla tubular, obconic, salverform, campanulate or rotate; lobes contorted, sometimes with extensions of corolla tube (plicae) between corolla lobes. Stamens inserted on corolla tube, alternate with lobes; anthers 2-locular. Nectaries absent or attached to corolla (maculas) or ovary base. Ovaries superior, 1-locular, rarely 2-locular, with parietal placentae. Fruit a 2-valved Capsule, rarely a berry. Seeds many, rarely few, small.
屬
About 80 genera and 700 species, worldwide, mostly in temperate to frigid regions. Five genera and 26 taxa in Taiwan, of which 20 taxa are endemic.
參考文獻
- WANG, Jenn-Che, CHEN, Chih-Hsiung, LU, Chang-Tze and CHEN, Ya-Chi, Flora of Taiwan, second edition 4: 154. 1998. (Fl. Taiwan 2nd edit.)
- Ho, T. N. and J. S. Pringle., Flora of China Family 16: 1-139. 1995. (Fl. China)
- Ho, T. N., S. W. Liu, and C. J. Wu, Flora Reipublicae Popularis Sinicae 62: 1-411. 1988. (Fl. Reip. Pop. Sin.)
- Ying, S. S., Quarterly journal (Bulletin) of the experimental forest of National Taiwan University 3(2): 87-111. 1989. (Quart. J. Exp. For. Natl. Taiwan Univ.)
Nymphoides 莕菜屬
作者
Tang-Shui LIU and Chiu-Chen KUO
型態特徵
Aquatic annual or perennial herbs with submersed rhizomes and long petiole- like stems bearing a single floating leaf at the summit. Leaves petiolate, the lowermost ones rosulate, submerged, the higher ones solitary, floating, alternate or nearly opposite below the flowers, ovate or orbicular, deeply cordate at base, or rarely peltate with a closed sinus, the margins entire or slightly wavy, the lower surface with many convex dots (hydathodes). Flowers one to many, fascicled at the top of a petiole-like stem, ephemerous, actinomorphic, yellow or white, 5- merous; pedicels short or long; calyx deeply 5-parted nearly to base, the lobes oblong or lanceolate; corolla rotate or broadly campanulate, deeply 5-parted, hairy in the throat, the lobes induplicate-valvate in bud, entire or often fringed on margins or inside; stamens 5, inserted at base of the short corolla-tube, the filaments short, the anthers ovate to nearly linear; ovary ellipsoidal, often with 5 small glands alternating with the stamens at base, 1-celled, many-ovuled, the style short or longer, the stigma broad, mostly 2-lobed. Capsules ovoid or oblong, indehiscent or eventually rupturing irregularly; seeds haiiy or smooth, sometimes tubercled or winged along the margin.
