Gentianaceae
龍膽科
特徵描述
註：依本站目前採用的分類系統，本科部分屬在《Flora of Taiwan》中分屬不同科，因此以下依植物誌使用的科名分列特徵描述。
[ Gentianaceae 龍膽科 ]
作者
WANG, Jenn-Che, CHEN, Chih-Hsiung, LU, Chang-Tze and CHEN, Ya-Chi
型態特徵
Herbs, annual, biennial or perennial. Stems ascending, erect or twining. Leaves opposite, less often whorled, simple; stipules absent. Inflorescences simple or complex Cymess, often a thyrse, sometimes 1-flowered. Flowers bisexual, rarely plants polygamous, 4- or 5-merous. Calyx tubular. Corolla tubular, obconic, salverform, campanulate or rotate; lobes contorted, sometimes with extensions of corolla tube (plicae) between corolla lobes. Stamens inserted on corolla tube, alternate with lobes; anthers 2-locular. Nectaries absent or attached to corolla (maculas) or ovary base. Ovaries superior, 1-locular, rarely 2-locular, with parietal placentae. Fruit a 2-valved Capsule, rarely a berry. Seeds many, rarely few, small.
屬
About 80 genera and 700 species, worldwide, mostly in temperate to frigid regions. Five genera and 26 taxa in Taiwan, of which 20 taxa are endemic.
參考文獻
- WANG, Jenn-Che, CHEN, Chih-Hsiung, LU, Chang-Tze and CHEN, Ya-Chi. 1998. Flora of Taiwan, second edition 4: 154. (Fl. Taiwan 2nd edit.)
- Ho, T. N. and J. S. Pringle. 1995. Flora of China Family 16: 1-139. (Fl. China)
- Ho, T. N., S. W. Liu, and C. J. Wu. 1988. Flora Reipublicae Popularis Sinicae 62: 1-411. (Fl. Reip. Pop. Sin.)
- Ying, S. S. 1989. Quarterly journal (Bulletin) of the experimental forest of National Taiwan University 3(2): 87-111. (Quart. J. Exp. For. Natl. Taiwan Univ.)
[ Loganiaceae 馬錢科 ]
作者
LI, Hui-Lin and PENG, Ching-I
型態特徵
Trees, shrubs or herbs, sometimes scandent. Leaves opposite, simple, with or without stipules. Inflorescences cymose, terminal or axillary, simple or compound, cymes sometimes reduced to solitary flowers. Flowers regular, calyx 4 or 5-toothed; corolla 4 or 5-lobed, with short to long tube; stamens 4 or 5, inserted on corolla tube and alternating with lobes, anthers 2-celled; ovary free, 2-celled; style simple, stigma capitate or bifid; ovules one or more in each cell, placentation axile. Fruit a septicidal capsule or indehiscent berry, 1- to many-seeded; seeds with abundant endosperm.
參考文獻
- Leenhouts, P. W. 1962. Fl. Males. ser. 1 6(2): 293-387.
- Li, P. T. & A. J. M. Leeuwenberg. 1996. Flora of China Family 15: 320-338. (Fl. China)
- Yamazaki, T. 1993. Fl. Japan, Vol. IIIa, Angiospermae, Dicotyledoneae, Sympetalae(a) 136-138.
- LI, Hui-Lin and PENG, Ching-I. 1998. Flora of Taiwan, second edition 4: 144. (Fl. Taiwan 2nd edit.)
Lomatogonium 肋柱花屬
作者
Chen & Wang.
型態特徵
Herbs annual or perennial. Roots fibrous or woody. Stems prostrate, ascending, erect, striated or angled, branched or simple. Inflorescences few- to many-flowered, terminal and axillary cymes, sometimes flowers solitary and terminal. Flowers (4-or) 5-(or 10-) merous; pedicel usually longer than flower. Calyx and corolla rotate, lobed nearly to base or with a distinct tube. Corolla dextrorse in flower bud. Nectaries 2, at base of corolla lobes. Stamens inserted at summit of corolla tube; filaments somewhat flattened; anthers usually blue, shorter than or rarely as long as filaments. Ovary ensiform, cylindric, or ovoidellipsoid; style absent; stigma lobes decurrent along carpel sutures. Capsule 2-valved, seeds many. Seed coat almost smooth.
About twenty species: North America, temperate Asia, Europe; only one species in Taiwan.
參考文獻
- Chen & Wang. 2007. Botanical bulletin of Academia Sinica 41: 323-326. (Bot. Bull. Acad. Sin.)
